Expression and Diagnostic Value of miR-3591-5p in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease-Associated Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.

Objectives: This study explored the expression and diagnostic value of differentially expressed miR-3591-5p in congenital heart disease-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension (CHD-PAH).

Methods: A total of 110 CHD patients were divided into four groups based on their mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAPm). The plasma miR-3591-5p expression was determined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The correlation between the miR-3591-5p expression and various clinical indices, as well as its diagnostic value for CHD-PAH patients, were analyzed.

Results: The plasma levels of miR-3591-5p were significantly higher in the patients in the no PAH group, mild PAH group, and moderate to severe PAH group than in the control group, and they were significantly higher in the moderate to severe PAH group than in the no PAH group. Correlation analysis revealed that the miR-3591-5p expression level was significantly positively correlated with various clinical indicators, including the PAPm, pulmonary artery systolic pressure, brain natriuretic peptide, pulmonary vascular resistance, red blood cell distribution width, uric acid, Na + , systolic blood pressure, left atrial internal dimension, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, and left ventricular end-systolic dimension. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses identified the plasma miR-3591-5p level as an independent risk factor for CHD-PAH. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that the plasma miR-3591-5p level had a moderate diagnostic value for CHD-PAH, which was further improved when combined with a B-type natriuretic peptide.

Conclusion: This study identified the expression profiles of differentially expressed plasma miRNAs in patients with CHD-PAH, focusing on the upregulation of miR-3591-5p. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that miR-3591-5p is involved in the pathogenesis of CHD-PAH and may serve as a circulating biomarker that may have diagnostic and prognostic value in CHD-PAH.