Khalid I Khan, Sabiha Quazi, Shilpa Bawankule, Sourya Acharya
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The present study was conducted with an aim to compare and correlate FIRE-MADE (Frailty Index in Rural Elderly - Mental status, Activities of daily living, Depression, and Events) FI (frailty index) with LASA (Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam) FI in central rural India's geriatric population.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study for assessment of frailty in the geriatric population of central rural India, reporting to the medicine department of a tertiary hospital, situated at Wardha district, by using FIRE-MADE and LASA FI was undertaken. Their scores were compared. The efficiency of FIRE-MADE FI in comparison with LASA FI was calculated. A frailty threshold of ≥ 0.25 is considered for diagnosing frailty. Standard descriptive and inferential statistics were used to evaluate all parametric and non-parametric data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 250 geriatric people, 224 (89.6%) were frail according to LASA FI and 204 (81.6%) were frail according to FIRE-MADE FI. As compared to LASA FI, FIRE-MADE FI was 91.07% sensitive and 73.08% specific, with a positive predictive value of 96.68% and a diagnostic accuracy of 89.20%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Indian rural population of central India has high prevalence of frailty. FIRE-MADE FI can be used as a potential, effective, and validated tool for early diagnosing and management of frailty. Among the parameters of FIRE-MADE FI, IHD was the most important contributing factor for development of frailty, followed by cognitive impairment, polypharmacy, and remaining factors mentioned in FIRE-MADE FI.</p>","PeriodicalId":15856,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"13 9","pages":"3653-3657"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11504746/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Role of FIRE-MADE FI for diagnosing frailty in central rural India and its comparison with LASA FI.\",\"authors\":\"Khalid I Khan, Sabiha Quazi, Shilpa Bawankule, Sourya Acharya\",\"doi\":\"10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1966_23\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An aging population ultimately has deprived physiological stores making them vulnerable for development of a syndrome called frailty, which presents with a cumulative decrease in tolerance, immunity, vision, balance, organ functions, health, and independent living. All these result in rising prevalence of frailty and its components, along with burden of disease, dependence, and health care cost. Thus, early estimation and assessment and interventions to correct it mark the mile stone in geriatric medicine. The present study was conducted with an aim to compare and correlate FIRE-MADE (Frailty Index in Rural Elderly - Mental status, Activities of daily living, Depression, and Events) FI (frailty index) with LASA (Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam) FI in central rural India's geriatric population.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A cross-sectional study for assessment of frailty in the geriatric population of central rural India, reporting to the medicine department of a tertiary hospital, situated at Wardha district, by using FIRE-MADE and LASA FI was undertaken. Their scores were compared. The efficiency of FIRE-MADE FI in comparison with LASA FI was calculated. A frailty threshold of ≥ 0.25 is considered for diagnosing frailty. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
背景：人口老龄化最终会导致生理储备不足，容易患上虚弱综合征，表现为耐受力、免疫力、视力、平衡能力、器官功能、健康和独立生活能力的累积性下降。所有这些都导致虚弱及其组成部分的发病率不断上升，同时也增加了疾病负担、依赖性和医疗费用。因此，早期估计、评估和干预措施是老年医学的里程碑。本研究旨在比较和关联 FIRE-MADE（农村老年人虚弱指数--精神状态、日常生活活动、抑郁和事件）和 LASC（农村老年人虚弱指数--精神状态、日常生活活动、抑郁和事件）。方法：这项横断面研究采用 FIRE-MADE 和 LASA FI 对印度中部农村地区的老年人群进行了虚弱评估。对这两种方法的得分进行了比较。计算了 FIRE-MADE FI 与 LASA FI 相比的效率。诊断虚弱的阈值为≥ 0.25。所有参数和非参数数据均采用标准描述性和推论性统计进行评估：在 250 名老年人中，224 人（89.6%）根据 LASA FI 判定为体弱，204 人（81.6%）根据 FIRE-MADE FI 判定为体弱。与 LASA FI 相比，FIRE-MADE FI 的敏感性为 91.07%，特异性为 73.08%，阳性预测值为 96.68%，诊断准确率为 89.20%：印度中部农村人口的体弱患病率很高。结论：印度中部农村人口体弱的发病率较高，FIRE-MADE FI 可以作为一种潜在、有效且经过验证的工具，用于早期诊断和管理体弱。在 FIRE-MADE FI 的参数中，心肌缺血是导致虚弱的最重要因素，其次是认知障碍、多重药物治疗以及 FIRE-MADE FI 中提到的其他因素。
Role of FIRE-MADE FI for diagnosing frailty in central rural India and its comparison with LASA FI.
Background: An aging population ultimately has deprived physiological stores making them vulnerable for development of a syndrome called frailty, which presents with a cumulative decrease in tolerance, immunity, vision, balance, organ functions, health, and independent living. All these result in rising prevalence of frailty and its components, along with burden of disease, dependence, and health care cost. Thus, early estimation and assessment and interventions to correct it mark the mile stone in geriatric medicine. The present study was conducted with an aim to compare and correlate FIRE-MADE (Frailty Index in Rural Elderly - Mental status, Activities of daily living, Depression, and Events) FI (frailty index) with LASA (Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam) FI in central rural India's geriatric population.
Methodology: A cross-sectional study for assessment of frailty in the geriatric population of central rural India, reporting to the medicine department of a tertiary hospital, situated at Wardha district, by using FIRE-MADE and LASA FI was undertaken. Their scores were compared. The efficiency of FIRE-MADE FI in comparison with LASA FI was calculated. A frailty threshold of ≥ 0.25 is considered for diagnosing frailty. Standard descriptive and inferential statistics were used to evaluate all parametric and non-parametric data.
Results: Out of 250 geriatric people, 224 (89.6%) were frail according to LASA FI and 204 (81.6%) were frail according to FIRE-MADE FI. As compared to LASA FI, FIRE-MADE FI was 91.07% sensitive and 73.08% specific, with a positive predictive value of 96.68% and a diagnostic accuracy of 89.20%.
Conclusion: The Indian rural population of central India has high prevalence of frailty. FIRE-MADE FI can be used as a potential, effective, and validated tool for early diagnosing and management of frailty. Among the parameters of FIRE-MADE FI, IHD was the most important contributing factor for development of frailty, followed by cognitive impairment, polypharmacy, and remaining factors mentioned in FIRE-MADE FI.
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