健康儿童和注意力缺陷/多动症儿童的抑制和前基底节白质组织的发育模式。

IF 3.5 2区 医学 Q1 NEUROIMAGING
Mervyn Singh, Patrick Skippen, Jason He, Phoebe Thomson, Ian Fuelscher, Karen Caeyenberghs, Vicki Anderson, Christian Hyde, Timothy J. Silk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

有确凿证据表明,抑制缺陷是注意力缺陷/多动障碍(ADHD)儿童的基本行为表型。然而,之前的研究并没有直接调查前-基底-神经节回路中的白质特性在这一群体抑制控制缺陷的发展过程中可能扮演的角色。结合大脑行为建模的最新进展,我们绘制了9-14岁患有或不患有多动症儿童的停止信号任务(SST)表现和前基底神经节成熟的纵向样本。在135名多动症儿童和138名非多动症儿童的大样本中,我们发现与非多动症对照组相比,多动症组在各年龄段的抑制控制能力较差(即停止信号反应时间较长)。在应用新的参数竞赛模型时,这一群体效应是由停止试验中较高的受试者内变异性(sigma)和较高的极端反应次数(tau)造成的。多动症组对走的刺激做出正确反应时,也表现出更高的受试内变异性。此外,与非多动症对照组相比,我们观察到多动症组出现了更多基于任务的失败,如在停止试验中的反应(触发失败)和在走棋试验中的遗漏(走棋失败)。与此相反,对基于固定颗粒的分析指标进行纵向建模后发现,在一个子样本(74 名多动症儿童和 73 名非多动症儿童)中,前基底神经节纤维横截面的成熟度没有明显的群体差异。最后,脑行为模型显示,前基底神经节形态(纤维横截面)与年龄有关的变化与正确的走动试验反应的变异性(sigma.true)和停止试验分布的偏斜(tauS)的减少有显著关系。然而,这种影响在多动症儿童和发育正常儿童之间并无差异。总之,我们的研究结果支持越来越多的共识,即注意力缺陷是与多动症相关的抑制功能障碍的一部分。此外,我们还发现了新的证据,表明虽然多动症儿童在 SST 中的表现一直比未受影响的同龄儿童差,但他们在这一时期的神经认知成熟速度似乎相当。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Developmental patterns of inhibition and fronto-basal-ganglia white matter organisation in healthy children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

Developmental patterns of inhibition and fronto-basal-ganglia white matter organisation in healthy children and children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder

There is robust evidence implicating inhibitory deficits as a fundamental behavioural phenotype in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, prior studies have not directly investigated the role in which white matter properties within the fronto-basal-ganglia circuit may play in the development of inhibitory control deficits in this group. Combining recent advancements in brain-behavioural modelling, we mapped the development of stop-signal task (SST) performance and fronto-basal-ganglia maturation in a longitudinal sample of children aged 9–14 with and without ADHD. In a large sample of 135 ADHD and 138 non-ADHD children, we found that the ADHD group had poorer inhibitory control (i.e., longer stop-signal reaction times) across age compared to non-ADHD controls. When applying the novel parametric race model, this group effect was driven by higher within-subject variability (sigma) and higher number of extreme responses (tau) on stop trials. The ADHD group also displayed higher within-subject variability on correct responses to go stimuli. Moreover, we observed the ADHD group committing more task-based failures such as responding on stop trials (trigger failures) and omissions on go trials (go failures) compared to non-ADHD controls, suggesting the contribution of attentional lapses to poorer response inhibition performance. In contrast, longitudinal modelling of fixel-based analysis measures revealed no significant group differences in the maturation of fronto-basal-ganglia fibre cross-section in a subsample (74 ADHD and 73 non-ADHD children). Finally, brain-behavioural models revealed that age-related changes in fronto-basal-ganglia morphology (fibre cross-section) were significantly associated with reductions in the variability of the correct go-trial responses (sigma.true) and skew of the stop-trial distribution (tauS). However, this effect did not differ between ADHD and typically developing children. Overall, our findings support the growing consensus suggesting that attentional deficits subserve ADHD-related inhibitory dysfunction. Furthermore, we show novel evidence suggesting that while children with ADHD are consistently performing worse on the SST than their non-affected peers, they appear to have comparable rates of neurocognitive maturation across this period.

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来源期刊
Human Brain Mapping
Human Brain Mapping 医学-核医学
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
6.20%
发文量
401
审稿时长
3-6 weeks
期刊介绍: Human Brain Mapping publishes peer-reviewed basic, clinical, technical, and theoretical research in the interdisciplinary and rapidly expanding field of human brain mapping. The journal features research derived from non-invasive brain imaging modalities used to explore the spatial and temporal organization of the neural systems supporting human behavior. Imaging modalities of interest include positron emission tomography, event-related potentials, electro-and magnetoencephalography, magnetic resonance imaging, and single-photon emission tomography. Brain mapping research in both normal and clinical populations is encouraged. Article formats include Research Articles, Review Articles, Clinical Case Studies, and Technique, as well as Technological Developments, Theoretical Articles, and Synthetic Reviews. Technical advances, such as novel brain imaging methods, analyses for detecting or localizing neural activity, synergistic uses of multiple imaging modalities, and strategies for the design of behavioral paradigms and neural-systems modeling are of particular interest. The journal endorses the propagation of methodological standards and encourages database development in the field of human brain mapping.
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