The Complexity of Health Self-Management Behavior. Beliefs and Attitudes of Individuals Living With Spinal Cord Injury in Switzerland.

Objective: Within the objective of defining targets for interventions to support self-management behaviors among people living with spinal cord injury, this study aims to describe self-management attitudes and beliefs in community-dwelling people living with spinal cord injury in Switzerland and to identify their correlates in terms of personal characteristics and outcomes, such as secondary health conditions and quality of life.

Design: This is a cross-sectional, observational study using data from the third community survey of the Swiss Spinal Cord Injury Cohort Study.

Results: Out of 1158 individuals, the data revealed high endorsement in areas of prevention importance, perceived knowledge, adherence to recommendations, and proactive problem-solving. Personal and lesion characteristics were significantly associated with differing self-management beliefs and attitudes. Overall, a more positive and proactive stance toward self-management correlated with enhanced outcomes. However, readiness to renounce activities to adhere to self-management recommendations was associated with lower quality of life.

Conclusions: The findings confirm the complex nature of self-management among individuals with spinal cord injury, advocating for a tailored, person-centered approach in designing interventions. Highlighting a potential trade-off between strict self-management adherence and quality of life outcomes posits an avenue for balanced, individualized self-management strategies to ameliorate health outcomes and life quality for individuals with spinal cord injury.