{"title":"溶剂储存的块状填充树脂基复合材料的表面和体积粘弹性稳定性。","authors":"Halah Thanoon, Nikolaos Silikas, David C Watts","doi":"10.1016/j.dental.2024.10.006","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigate the effect of solvent-storage on surface hardness and bulk creep of fast photo-cured bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) compared to conventionally irradiated bulk-fill RBCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three bulk-fill RBCs were studied: Tetric® PowerFill (fast photo-cured bulk-fill RBC) (TPF), Tetric EvoCeram® (EVO), and GrandioSO® x-tra (GSOx) (conventional). Disk-shaped specimens of clinically realistic thickness (4 mm) were prepared from each material for: Group A: surface measurements (18 mm diameter) and Group B: 4 mm diameter for bulk compressive creep measurements. Group A disks were light-cured from the upper 'occlusal' surface for either 3 s or 20 s according to the manufacturer's recommendation. Martens hardness (H<sub>M</sub>) of both top and bottom surfaces of each specimen were measured. Group B: 4 × 4 mm cylindrical specimens were fully cured to measure bulk creep (C<sub>B</sub>). A 20 MPa static compressive stress was applied for 2 h, followed by 2 h of unloading. Strain deformation was recorded continuously for 4 h. Both Martens and bulk creep studies were performed under the following storage conditions at 37 °C: (i) dry at 24 h post curing (baseline), and (ii) after 7 and 30 d of storage in two different media: distilled water (DW) and 75 % ethanol/water (75 % E/W).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, H<sub>M</sub> for all materials ranged from 587 to 439 N/mm<sup>2</sup> (top) and 398 to 342 N/mm<sup>2</sup> (bottom). After 30 d of solvent-storage, more pronounced H<sub>M</sub> changes were observed, with the bottom surface being more affected. Normalised H<sub>M</sub> for TPF decreased by 44 % after 30 d in 75 % E/W. Maximum creep strain ranged from 1.1 % to 2.1 % at baseline, and after 30 d in 75 % E/W this increased from 1.9 % to 2.9 %. Depending on the material and storage condition, the percentage creep strain recovery after 30 d ranged between 65.2 % and 80 %. Increased filler loading in the bulk-fill RBCs decreased the creep strain magnitude and increased the surface hardness.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Solvent storage decreased the Martens hardness of both upper and lower surfaces and increased the bulk creep characteristics of bulk-fill RBCs. Nevertheless, there was a similar relative stability in surface hardness and viscoelastic stability of fast-cured PowerFill compared to conventionally irradiated RBCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":298,"journal":{"name":"Dental Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Surface and bulk viscoelastic stability of solvent-stored bulk-fill resin-based composite.\",\"authors\":\"Halah Thanoon, Nikolaos Silikas, David C Watts\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.dental.2024.10.006\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Investigate the effect of solvent-storage on surface hardness and bulk creep of fast photo-cured bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) compared to conventionally irradiated bulk-fill RBCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three bulk-fill RBCs were studied: Tetric® PowerFill (fast photo-cured bulk-fill RBC) (TPF), Tetric EvoCeram® (EVO), and GrandioSO® x-tra (GSOx) (conventional). Disk-shaped specimens of clinically realistic thickness (4 mm) were prepared from each material for: Group A: surface measurements (18 mm diameter) and Group B: 4 mm diameter for bulk compressive creep measurements. Group A disks were light-cured from the upper 'occlusal' surface for either 3 s or 20 s according to the manufacturer's recommendation. Martens hardness (H<sub>M</sub>) of both top and bottom surfaces of each specimen were measured. Group B: 4 × 4 mm cylindrical specimens were fully cured to measure bulk creep (C<sub>B</sub>). A 20 MPa static compressive stress was applied for 2 h, followed by 2 h of unloading. Strain deformation was recorded continuously for 4 h. Both Martens and bulk creep studies were performed under the following storage conditions at 37 °C: (i) dry at 24 h post curing (baseline), and (ii) after 7 and 30 d of storage in two different media: distilled water (DW) and 75 % ethanol/water (75 % E/W).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At baseline, H<sub>M</sub> for all materials ranged from 587 to 439 N/mm<sup>2</sup> (top) and 398 to 342 N/mm<sup>2</sup> (bottom). After 30 d of solvent-storage, more pronounced H<sub>M</sub> changes were observed, with the bottom surface being more affected. Normalised H<sub>M</sub> for TPF decreased by 44 % after 30 d in 75 % E/W. Maximum creep strain ranged from 1.1 % to 2.1 % at baseline, and after 30 d in 75 % E/W this increased from 1.9 % to 2.9 %. Depending on the material and storage condition, the percentage creep strain recovery after 30 d ranged between 65.2 % and 80 %. Increased filler loading in the bulk-fill RBCs decreased the creep strain magnitude and increased the surface hardness.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Solvent storage decreased the Martens hardness of both upper and lower surfaces and increased the bulk creep characteristics of bulk-fill RBCs. Nevertheless, there was a similar relative stability in surface hardness and viscoelastic stability of fast-cured PowerFill compared to conventionally irradiated RBCs.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":298,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Dental Materials\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-21\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Dental Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2024.10.006\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Dental Materials","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dental.2024.10.006","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE","Score":null,"Total":0}
Surface and bulk viscoelastic stability of solvent-stored bulk-fill resin-based composite.
Objective: Investigate the effect of solvent-storage on surface hardness and bulk creep of fast photo-cured bulk-fill resin-based composite (RBC) compared to conventionally irradiated bulk-fill RBCs.
Methods: Three bulk-fill RBCs were studied: Tetric® PowerFill (fast photo-cured bulk-fill RBC) (TPF), Tetric EvoCeram® (EVO), and GrandioSO® x-tra (GSOx) (conventional). Disk-shaped specimens of clinically realistic thickness (4 mm) were prepared from each material for: Group A: surface measurements (18 mm diameter) and Group B: 4 mm diameter for bulk compressive creep measurements. Group A disks were light-cured from the upper 'occlusal' surface for either 3 s or 20 s according to the manufacturer's recommendation. Martens hardness (HM) of both top and bottom surfaces of each specimen were measured. Group B: 4 × 4 mm cylindrical specimens were fully cured to measure bulk creep (CB). A 20 MPa static compressive stress was applied for 2 h, followed by 2 h of unloading. Strain deformation was recorded continuously for 4 h. Both Martens and bulk creep studies were performed under the following storage conditions at 37 °C: (i) dry at 24 h post curing (baseline), and (ii) after 7 and 30 d of storage in two different media: distilled water (DW) and 75 % ethanol/water (75 % E/W).
Results: At baseline, HM for all materials ranged from 587 to 439 N/mm2 (top) and 398 to 342 N/mm2 (bottom). After 30 d of solvent-storage, more pronounced HM changes were observed, with the bottom surface being more affected. Normalised HM for TPF decreased by 44 % after 30 d in 75 % E/W. Maximum creep strain ranged from 1.1 % to 2.1 % at baseline, and after 30 d in 75 % E/W this increased from 1.9 % to 2.9 %. Depending on the material and storage condition, the percentage creep strain recovery after 30 d ranged between 65.2 % and 80 %. Increased filler loading in the bulk-fill RBCs decreased the creep strain magnitude and increased the surface hardness.
Significance: Solvent storage decreased the Martens hardness of both upper and lower surfaces and increased the bulk creep characteristics of bulk-fill RBCs. Nevertheless, there was a similar relative stability in surface hardness and viscoelastic stability of fast-cured PowerFill compared to conventionally irradiated RBCs.
期刊介绍：
Dental Materials publishes original research, review articles, and short communications.
Academy of Dental Materials members click here to register for free access to Dental Materials online.
The principal aim of Dental Materials is to promote rapid communication of scientific information between academia, industry, and the dental practitioner. Original Manuscripts on clinical and laboratory research of basic and applied character which focus on the properties or performance of dental materials or the reaction of host tissues to materials are given priority publication. Other acceptable topics include application technology in clinical dentistry and dental laboratory technology.
Comprehensive reviews and editorial commentaries on pertinent subjects will be considered.
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