唾液酸和唾液酸共轭物的检测策略

IF 2.6 4区 生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
ChemBioChem Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI:10.1002/cbic.202400402
Carmanah D. Hunter, Christopher W. Cairo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

糖类共轭物是一类庞大的生物大分子,与对人类健康和疾病非常重要的生物过程息息相关。糖类共轭物结构复杂,这仍然是破解其精确生物作用以及将其开发为生物标记物和治疗药物所面临的挑战。细胞外的人类糖类共轭物在其末端被硅(神经氨酸)残基修饰。安装硅烷基酸的酶是硅烷基转移酶(SiaTs),这是一个由 20 种不同同工酶组成的家族。神经氨酸酶(NEU;sialidase)介导了硅酸的清除和降解,其中有四种同工酶。在本综述中,我们将讨论检测和分析ialoglycoconjugate(SGC)结构及其酶产物的化学和生物化学方法。最常见的方法包括亲和探针和合成底物。荧光底物和放射性标记底物也是许多应用的重要工具,包括筛选酶抑制剂。为了更好地了解硅酸代谢在健康和疾病中的作用,有必要采用一些策略来深入了解调控 SGC(SiaT 和 NEU)的酶的原生底物特异性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Detection Strategies for Sialic Acid and Sialoglycoconjugates

Detection Strategies for Sialic Acid and Sialoglycoconjugates

Glycoconjugates are a vast class of biomolecules implicated in biological processes important for human health and disease. The structural complexity of glycoconjugates remains a challenge to deciphering their precise biological roles and for their development as biomarkers and therapeutics. Human glycoconjugates on the outside of the cell are modified with sialic (neuraminic) acid residues at their termini. The enzymes that install sialic acids are sialyltransferases (SiaTs), a family of 20 different isoenzymes. The removal and degradation of sialic acids is mediated by neuraminidase (NEU; sialidase) enzymes, of which there are four isoenzymes. In this review, we discuss chemical and biochemical approaches for the detection and analysis of sialoglycoconjugate (SGC) structures and their enzymatic products. The most common methods include affinity probes and synthetic substrates. Fluorogenic and radiolabelled substrates are also important tools for many applications, including screening for enzyme inhibitors. Strategies that give insight into the native substrate-specificity of enzymes that regulate SGCs (SiaT & NEU) are necessary to improve our understanding of the role of sialic acid metabolism in health and disease.

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来源期刊
ChemBioChem
ChemBioChem 生物-生化与分子生物学
CiteScore
6.10
自引率
3.10%
发文量
407
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: ChemBioChem (Impact Factor 2018: 2.641) publishes important breakthroughs across all areas at the interface of chemistry and biology, including the fields of chemical biology, bioorganic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, synthetic biology, biocatalysis, bionanotechnology, and biomaterials. It is published on behalf of Chemistry Europe, an association of 16 European chemical societies, and supported by the Asian Chemical Editorial Society (ACES).
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