运动取消时肌肉高频神经输入的变化。

Blanka Zicher, Simon Avrillon, Jaime Ibáñez, Dario Farina
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摘要

目的: 皮质β(13-30赫兹)和γ(30-60赫兹)振荡在运动皮质中非常突出,尽管它们对力量调节的直接影响有限,但已知它们会传递到肌肉。然而,我们目前对这些振荡在脊髓水平的显著性缺乏基本了解。在此,我们开发了一种实验方法来研究在不同运动状态下运动神经元的高频输入调节,同时保持稳定的力量,从而约束行为:具体来说,我们获取了 "GO"/"NO-GO "任务中的大脑和肌肉活动。在该实验中,任务的效应肌肉(胫骨前肌)在试验过程中保持强直性活动,而参与者(12 人)则对听觉刺激序列做出反应,要么保持收缩不改变("NO-GO "试验),要么快速进行弹道收缩("GO "试验)。我们从高密度表面和肌内肌电信号中提取了运动单元(MU)的发射活动,并分析了在 "NO-GO "试验中其频谱内容的变化。这些结果与脑电图测量到的大脑活动变化一致。由于行为仅限于稳定的力量收缩,因此这些力量的增加并没有引起力量的相关改变:我们的研究表明,当受试者在 "GO"/"NO-GO "任务中保持稳定收缩时取消准备好的弹道动作,肌肉中也会出现运动皮层 beta 和 gamma 节律的调节。这种情况发生时,任务效应肌肉产生的力水平基本保持不变。我们的研究结果表明,肌肉记录也能提供非力控制信号的运动状态信息。这为外周神经接口开辟了新的潜在用例。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Changes in high-frequency neural inputs to muscles during movement cancellation.

Objective.Cortical beta (13-30 Hz) and gamma (30-60 Hz) oscillations are prominent in the motor cortex and are known to be transmitted to the muscles despite their limited direct impact on force modulation. However, we currently lack fundamental knowledge about the saliency of these oscillations at spinal level. Here, we developed an experimental approach to examine the modulations in high-frequency inputs to motoneurons under different motor states while maintaining a stable force, thus constraining behaviour.Approach.Specifically, we acquired brain and muscle activity during a 'GO'/'NO-GO' task. In this experiment, the effector muscle for the task (tibialis anterior) was kept tonically active during the trials, while participants (N= 12) reacted to sequences of auditory stimuli by either keeping the contraction unaltered ('NO-GO' trials), or by quickly performing a ballistic contraction ('GO' trials). Motor unit (MU) firing activity was extracted from high-density surface and intramuscular electromyographic signals, and the changes in its spectral contents in the 'NO-GO' trials were analysed.Main results.We observed an increase in beta and low-gamma (30-45 Hz) activity after the 'NO-GO' cue in the MU population activity. These results were in line with the brain activity changes measured with electroencephalography. These increases in power occur without relevant alterations in force, as behaviour was restricted to a stable force contraction.Significance.We show that modulations in motor cortical beta and gamma rhythms are also present in muscles when subjects cancel a prepared ballistic action while holding a stable contraction in a 'GO'/'NO-GO' task. This occurs while force levels produced by the task effector muscle remain largely unaltered. Our results suggest that muscle recordings are informative also about motor states that are not force-control signals. This opens up new potential use cases of peripheral neural interfaces.

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