针对 10-19 岁青少年的校本健康饮食干预措施:综述。

IF 5.6 1区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Nandeeta Samad, Lindsay Bearne, Farha Musharrat Noor, Fahmida Akter, Divya Parmar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:健康饮食的益处众所周知,但青少年的饮食往往很差。学校干预为促进健康饮食提供了一个很有前景的选择,但相关证据尚不明确。目的:本综述综合了目前有关青少年(10-19 岁)健康饮食学校干预的证据:方法:采用乔安娜-布里格斯研究所(JBI)的总括性综述指南,在 11 个电子数据库(PubMed、CINHAL、EMBASE、Science Direct、PsycINFO、MEDLINE、Scopus、ERIC、Web of Science、Cochrane Register of Systemic Review 和 JBI Evidence Synthesis)中进行了系统性检索,以确定 2000 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月间发表的综述。使用 JBI 关键评估工具对方法学质量进行了评估。根据世界卫生组织的 "促进学校健康(HPS)"框架进行了叙述性综合,该框架将校本干预分为三个部分,即健康教育、学校环境改变以及家庭和社区参与:结果:共发现 17 篇发表于 2008 年至 2023 年的综述(包括 347 项独特的主要研究)。87%的综述基于高收入国家的干预措施,因此对中低收入国家的适用性有限。14篇综述被评为高质量,2篇被评为中等质量,1篇被评为低方法质量。71%的综述(n = 14 篇综述,13 = 高方法学质量)发现,多成分干预措施(即包含健康PS框架中两个以上成分的干预措施)改善了青少年有关健康饮食的知识和行为。在个人层面,技术驱动的健康饮食课程有效地改善了青少年的饮食行为。事实证明,这些个人层面的干预措施在系统层面的变革支持下更有效、更可持续,例如改变学校环境,包括增加健康食品的供应量,以及让家长参与到促进青少年健康饮食的活动中来。然而,仅有三篇综述提供的有限证据表明,以技术为基础的干预措施的可行性参差不齐,多成分干预措施的可行性较低。缺乏利益相关者参与干预设计的信息是另一个重要的证据缺口:以学校为基础的多成分健康饮食干预措施将个人层面的干预措施与系统层面的改变相结合,可有效促进青少年的健康饮食行为。未来的综述应评估参与式方法在干预设计、可行性和推广研究中的有效性,并分析来自低收入和中等收入国家的证据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
School-based healthy eating interventions for adolescents aged 10-19 years: an umbrella review.

Background: The benefits of healthy eating are well known, yet adolescent diet is often poor. School based interventions offer a promising option to promote healthy eating, however, evidence is unclear.

Aim: This umbrella review synthesised the current evidence on school-based interventions for healthy eating in adolescents (10-19 years old).

Methods: Using Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) umbrella review guidelines, a systematic search was conducted on 11 electronic databases (PubMed, CINHAL, EMBASE, Science Direct, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, Scopus, ERIC, Web of Science, Cochrane Register of Systemic Review and JBI Evidence Synthesis) to identify reviews published between January 2000 and December 2023. Methodological quality was assessed using JBI critical appraisal tool. A narrative synthesis was conducted informed by the World Health Organisation's Health Promoting School (HPS) framework that categorises school-based interventions into three components i.e., health education, school environment changes, and family and community involvement.

Results: Seventeen reviews were identified (including 347 unique primary studies) that were published between 2008 and 2023. 87% of the reviews were based on interventions in high- income countries, limiting applicability to low- and middle-income countries. Fourteen reviews were rated as high, two as moderate, and one was rated as low methodological quality. Evidence from 71% of the reviews (n = 14 reviews, 13 = high methodological quality) found that multi-component interventions (i.e., interventions incorporating more than two components of the HPS framework) improved adolescents' knowledge and behaviour concerning healthy eating. At the individual level, tech-driven healthy eating curricula effectively improved eating behaviours of adolescents. These individual-level interventions proved to be more effective and sustainable when supported by system-level changes, such as modifying school environments including increased availability of healthy foods and involving parents to promote healthy eating for adolescents. However, limited evidence from only three reviews suggests mixed feasibility for technology-based interventions and lower feasibility for multi-component interventions. The lack of information on stakeholder involvement in intervention design is another critical evidence gap.

Conclusion: School-based multi-component healthy eating interventions that combine individual-level interventions with system-level changes are effective in promoting healthy eating behaviours among adolescents. Future reviews should assess the effectiveness of participatory approaches in intervention design, feasibility and scale-up studies, and analysing evidence from low- and middle-income countries.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
13.80
自引率
3.40%
发文量
138
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (IJBNPA) is an open access, peer-reviewed journal offering high quality articles, rapid publication and wide diffusion in the public domain. IJBNPA is devoted to furthering the understanding of the behavioral aspects of diet and physical activity and is unique in its inclusion of multiple levels of analysis, including populations, groups and individuals and its inclusion of epidemiology, and behavioral, theoretical and measurement research areas.
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