Emily M Stevenson, Owen Rushby-Jones, Angus Buckling, Matthew Cole, Penelope K Lindeque, Aimee K Murray
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引用次数: 0
摘要
塑料球是一种新的生态位,微生物群落附着在塑料碎片(包括微塑料)上。这些群落有别于周围环境中的群落或附着在天然基质上的群落,可能成为致病菌和抗微生物(AMR)细菌的贮藏库。由于以往的研究经常忽略适当的比较粒子(如天然基质),因此缺乏实证证据来证明微塑料在富集和传播 AMR 病原体方面所带来的独特风险。本研究调查了污水群落在环境采样的三种不同聚合物、来源和形态的微塑料上的选择性定殖,以及天然基质(木材)、惰性基质(玻璃)和自由生活/浮游群落对照。培养和分子方法(定量聚合酶链反应 (qPCR))分别用于确定表型和基因型 AMR 流行率,多重菌落 PCR 用于鉴定肠道外致病性大肠杆菌 (ExPEC)。结果发现,聚苯乙烯和木质颗粒能显著富集 AMR 细菌,而污水来源的生物珠则能显著富集 ExPECs。聚苯乙烯和木材是最不光滑的颗粒,因此通过比较原始聚乙烯颗粒和人工风化聚乙烯颗粒的定殖情况,直接研究了颗粒粗糙度对 AMR 流行的重要性。表面风化对已定植颗粒的 AMR 感染率没有明显影响。我们的研究结果表明,AMR 和致病菌在塑料和非塑料微粒上的定植可能会受到基质特异性的影响。
Selective colonization of microplastics, wood and glass by antimicrobial-resistant and pathogenic bacteria.
The Plastisphere is a novel niche whereby microbial communities attach to plastic debris, including microplastics. These communities can be distinct from those found in the surrounding environment or those attached to natural substrates and may serve as a reservoir of both pathogenic and antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) bacteria. Owing to the frequent omission of appropriate comparator particles (e.g. natural substrates) in previous studies, there is a lack of empirical evidence supporting the unique risks posed by microplastics in terms of enrichment and spread of AMR pathogens. This study investigated selective colonization by a sewage community on environmentally sampled microplastics with three different polymers, sources and morphologies, alongside natural substrate (wood), inert substrate (glass) and free-living/planktonic community controls. Culture and molecular methods (quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)) were used to ascertain phenotypic and genotypic AMR prevalence, respectively, and multiplex colony PCR was used to identify extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPECs). From this, polystyrene and wood particles were found to significantly enrich AMR bacteria, whereas sewage-sourced bio-beads significantly enriched ExPECs. Polystyrene and wood were the least smooth particles, and so the importance of particle roughness on AMR prevalence was then directly investigated by comparing the colonization of virgin vs artificially weathered polyethylene particles. Surface weathering did not have a significant effect on the AMR prevalence of colonized particles. Our results suggest that the colonization of plastic and non-plastic particles by AMR and pathogenic bacteria may be enhanced by substrate-specific traits.
期刊介绍:
We publish high-quality original research on bacteria, fungi, protists, archaea, algae, parasites and other microscopic life forms.
Topics include but are not limited to:
Antimicrobials and antimicrobial resistance
Bacteriology and parasitology
Biochemistry and biophysics
Biofilms and biological systems
Biotechnology and bioremediation
Cell biology and signalling
Chemical biology
Cross-disciplinary work
Ecology and environmental microbiology
Food microbiology
Genetics
Host–microbe interactions
Microbial methods and techniques
Microscopy and imaging
Omics, including genomics, proteomics and metabolomics
Physiology and metabolism
Systems biology and synthetic biology
The microbiome.