从香烟改用加热烟草制品能否减少肺部感染的后果?

IF 5.8 2区 医学 Q1 Medicine
Tariq A Bhat, Suresh G Kalathil, Noel J Leigh, Maciej L Goniewicz, Yasmin M Thanavala
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引用次数: 0

摘要

理由:虽然烟草行业的数据表明,从可燃卷烟转向加热烟草制品(HTPs),如IQOS,可能会减少使用者暴露于呼吸道毒物的机会,但使用加热烟草制品是否会影响急性呼吸道感染的结果尚不清楚:从香烟转向 HTPs 是否会改善对肺部感染的反应:我们进行了这样的实验:3 组小鼠先暴露于香烟烟雾 8 周,然后暴露于(1)HTPs(更换烟草制品)、(2)空气(戒烟)或(3)继续暴露于香烟烟雾 8 周。肺部细菌清除率和肺损伤替代标志物作为研究结果进行评估:主要结果:在转换组和持续暴露于香烟烟雾的小鼠中,急性挑战后肺部细菌清除率明显下降。与持续暴露于香烟烟雾中的小鼠相比,切换组在急性挑战后 12 小时的细菌清除率、肺部炎性 T 细胞浸润和白蛋白泄漏情况均有所改善。与戒烟组小鼠相比,转烟组小鼠在急性挑战后测量的细菌清除率、肺部免疫细胞总浸润、肺部炎症T细胞浸润、BAL中总蛋白含量和白蛋白渗漏均受到影响。从吸食香烟转为吸食 HTPs 并未改善肺髓过氧化物酶和中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶水平(肺部炎症和损伤的标志物),但戒烟组的肺髓过氧化物酶和中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶水平显著降低:这项研究表明,从接触香烟转为接触 HTPs 后,呼吸道感染的治疗效果仅略有改善,而与完全停止接触所有烟草制品相比,治疗效果则大打折扣。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Can switching from cigarettes to heated tobacco products reduce consequences of pulmonary infection?

Rationale: While tobacco industry data suggests that switching from combustible cigarettes to heated tobacco products (HTPs), like IQOS, may reduce the users' exposure to respiratory toxicants, it is not known if using HTPs impacts the outcomes of acute respiratory infections.

Objectives: Does switching from cigarettes to HTPs improve responses to pulmonary infection.

Methods: We conducted experiments in which 3 groups of mice were pre-exposed to cigarette smoke for 8 weeks, followed by 8-week exposure to (1) HTPs (tobacco product switching), (2) air (smoking cessation), or (3) continued exposure to cigarette smoke. Pulmonary bacterial clearance and surrogate markers of lung damage were assessed as study outcomes.

Main results: Significantly compromised clearance of bacteria from the lungs post-acute challenge occurred in both the switching group and in mice continuously exposed to cigarette smoke. Bacterial clearance, inflammatory T-cell infiltration into the lungs, and albumin leak improved at 12 h post-acute challenge in the switching group compared to mice continuously exposed to cigarette smoke. Bacterial clearance, total lung immune-cell infiltration, inflammatory T-cell infiltration into the lungs, the content of total proteins in the BAL, and albumin leak measured post-acute challenge were compromised in the switching group compared to mice in the cessation group. Switching from cigarettes to HTPs did not improve lung myeloperoxidase and neutrophil elastase levels (markers for lung inflammation and damage), which, however, were significantly reduced in the cessation group.

Conclusions: This study reveals only a modest improvement in respiratory infection outcomes after switching exposure from cigarettes to HTPs and significantly compromised outcomes compared to a complete cessation of exposure to all tobacco products.

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来源期刊
Respiratory Research
Respiratory Research RESPIRATORY SYSTEM-
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
1.70%
发文量
314
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Respiratory Research publishes high-quality clinical and basic research, review and commentary articles on all aspects of respiratory medicine and related diseases. As the leading fully open access journal in the field, Respiratory Research provides an essential resource for pulmonologists, allergists, immunologists and other physicians, researchers, healthcare workers and medical students with worldwide dissemination of articles resulting in high visibility and generating international discussion. Topics of specific interest include asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, genetics, infectious diseases, interstitial lung diseases, lung development, lung tumors, occupational and environmental factors, pulmonary circulation, pulmonary pharmacology and therapeutics, respiratory immunology, respiratory physiology, and sleep-related respiratory problems.
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