美国青少年和年轻人的气候情绪、想法和计划：一项横断面描述性调查，以及按政党认同和自我报告的恶劣天气事件暴露情况进行的分析。

IF 24.1 1区医学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Lancet Planetary Health Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI:10.1016/S2542-5196(24)00229-8

R Eric Lewandowski PhD , Susan D Clayton PhD , Lukas Olbrich MSc , Joseph W Sakshaug PhD , Britt Wray PhD , Sarah E O Schwartz PhD , Jura Augustinavicius PhD , Peter D Howe PhD , McKenna Parnes PhD , Sacha Wright BSc , Caitlyn Carpenter , Arkadiusz Wiśniowski PhD , Diego Perez Ruiz PhD , Lise Van Susteren MD

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：气候变化会对青少年的心理健康和福祉产生不利影响，但全球或美国的大规模数据却十分有限。了解美国青少年与气候有关的困扰的模式和后果，可以为个人、社区和政策层面的必要应对措施提供信息：方法：在 2023 年 7 月 20 日至 11 月 7 日期间，通过 Cint 数字调查市场，对美国 50 个州和华盛顿特区 16-25 岁的青少年进行了横向描述性在线调查。调查内容包括：与气候有关的情绪和想法，包括心理健康指标；与气候有关的情绪的关系方面；关于谁或什么对造成和应对气候变化负有责任的信念；应对气候变化的期望和计划行动；以及对美国政府应对气候变化的情绪和想法。受访者被问及是否受到过与气候变化有关的各种恶劣天气事件的影响，以及他们的政党认同。样本百分比根据 2022 年美国人口普查年龄、性别和种族估计值加权计算。为了检验政党认同和自我报告的恶劣天气事件对气候相关想法和信念的影响，我们使用了线性和逻辑回归模型，其中包括政党认同、过去一年受访者居住地区自我报告的恶劣天气事件类型数量以及人口控制变量等项：我们评估了 15 793 人（加权比例为 80-5%，年龄在 18-25 岁之间）的调查回复：80-5%的受访者年龄在 18-25 岁之间，19-5%的受访者年龄在 16-17 岁之间；48-8%的受访者为女性，51-2%的受访者为男性）。总体而言，85-0% 的受访者表示至少比较担心气候变化及其对人类和地球的影响，57-9% 表示非常或极其担心。42-8%的受访者表示气候变化影响了他们的心理健康，38-3%的受访者表示他们对气候变化的感受对他们的日常生活产生了负面影响。受访者表示对气候变化造成的未来有负面想法，并计划采取应对行动，包括可能投票给支持积极气候政策的政治候选人（72-8%）。在回归模型中，受访者自我报告的遭受更多类型恶劣天气事件的经历与受访者更强烈地认同与气候有关的痛苦以及采取行动的愿望和计划有显著关联。政党认同为民主党、独立党或其他党派（相对于共和党）也与更强烈的苦恼认同、行动愿望和计划显著相关，尽管大多数自我认同的共和党人至少报告了中等程度的苦恼。对于模型中评估的所有调查结果显示，经历更多类型恶劣天气事件的影响并不因政党认同而有显著差异：气候变化在美国青年中造成了广泛的困扰，影响了他们的信念和对未来的规划。随着与气候相关的恶劣天气事件的增加，这些影响可能会在各个政治派别中加剧：Avaaz 基金会。

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Climate emotions, thoughts, and plans among US adolescents and young adults: a cross-sectional descriptive survey and analysis by political party identification and self-reported exposure to severe weather events

Background

Climate change has adverse effects on youth mental health and wellbeing, but limited large-scale data exist globally or in the USA. Understanding the patterns and consequences of climate-related distress among US youth can inform necessary responses at the individual, community, and policy level.

Methods

A cross-sectional descriptive online survey was done of US youth aged 16–25 years from all 50 states and Washington, DC, between July 20 and Nov 7, 2023, via the Cint digital survey marketplace. The survey assessed: climate-related emotions and thoughts, including indicators of mental health; relational aspects of climate-related emotions; beliefs about who or what has responsibility for causing and responding to climate change; desired and planned actions in response to climate change; and emotions and thoughts about the US Government response to climate change. Respondents were asked whether they had been affected by various severe weather events linked to climate change and for their political party identification. Sample percentages were weighted according to 2022 US census age, sex, and race estimates. To test the effects of political party identification and self-reported exposure to severe weather events on climate-related thoughts and beliefs we used linear and logistic regression models, which included terms for political party identification, the number of self-reported severe weather event types in respondents' area of residence in the past year, and demographic control variables.

Findings

We evaluated survey responses from 15 793 individuals (weighted proportions: 80·5% aged 18–25 years and 19·5% aged 16–17 years; 48·8% female and 51·2% male). Overall, 85·0% of respondents endorsed being at least moderately worried, and 57·9% very or extremely worried, about climate change and its impacts on people and the planet. 42·8% indicated an impact of climate change on self-reported mental health, and 38·3% indicated that their feelings about climate change negatively affect their daily life. Respondents reported negative thoughts about the future due to climate change and actions planned in response, including being likely to vote for political candidates who support aggressive climate policy (72·8%). In regression models, self-reported exposure to more types of severe weather events was significantly associated with stronger endorsement of climate-related distress and desire and plans for action. Political party identification as Democrat or as Independent or Other (vs Republican) was also significantly associated with stronger endorsement of distress and desire and plans for action, although a majority of self-identified Republicans reported at least moderate distress. For all survey outcomes assessed in the models, the effect of experiencing more types of severe weather events did not significantly differ by political party identification.

Interpretation

Climate change is causing widespread distress among US youth and affecting their beliefs and plans for the future. These effects may intensify, across the political spectrum, as exposure to climate-related severe weather events increases.

Funding

Avaaz Foundation.

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来源期刊

Lancet Planetary Health Multiple-

CiteScore

28.40

自引率

2.30%

发文量

272

审稿时长

8 weeks

期刊介绍： The Lancet Planetary Health is a gold Open Access journal dedicated to investigating and addressing the multifaceted determinants of healthy human civilizations and their impact on natural systems. Positioned as a key player in sustainable development, the journal covers a broad, interdisciplinary scope, encompassing areas such as poverty, nutrition, gender equity, water and sanitation, energy, economic growth, industrialization, inequality, urbanization, human consumption and production, climate change, ocean health, land use, peace, and justice. With a commitment to publishing high-quality research, comment, and correspondence, it aims to be the leading journal for sustainable development in the face of unprecedented dangers and threats.