K Maski, G Heckler, J Worhach, D Mylonas, G Wang, K Szilagyi, B Zhang, C Diniz Behn, T E Scammell, R Stickgold
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We extracted wake and sleep stage bout numbers and N2 spindle characteristics from the polysomnogram and conducted mixed model analysis of sleep-dependent memory consolidation to identify group differences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Narcolepsy Type 1 participants had shorter N2 bout durations and associated shorter N2 spindles vs. HC, but other N2 spindle features were similar. Narcolepsy Type 1 participants had worse memory performance post-sleep than HCs after adjusting for age and gender (mean memory consolidation HC: -3.1% ± 18.7, NT1: -15.6 ± 24.8, main effect group x time of testing F=5.3, p=0.03). We did not find significant relationships between sleep-dependent memory consolidation and N2 spindle characteristics. Notably, increased N1% was associated with worse sleep-dependent memory consolidation with results driven by the Narcolepsy Type 1 group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sleep-dependent memory consolidation is mildly impaired in youth with Narcolepsy Type 1 and findings may be attributed to increases in N1 sleep. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
研究目的:夜间睡眠中断(DNS)在小儿 1 型纳孔癫痫症中很常见,但其对认知的影响尚不清楚。由于N2睡眠纺锤对于依赖睡眠的记忆巩固是必要的,因此我们假设1型嗜睡症会通过N2睡眠片段化和N2睡眠纺锤改变来损害记忆巩固:方法:我们对28名小儿1型Narcolepsy患者和27名健康对照者(HC)进行了空间陈述性记忆任务训练,然后在实验室内进行夜间多导睡眠图检查,并在早晨醒来后对他们进行了诱导回忆测试。我们从多导睡眠图中提取了觉醒和睡眠阶段的阵发数和N2纺锤体特征,并对睡眠依赖性记忆巩固进行了混合模型分析,以确定组间差异:结果:与HC相比,1型嗜睡症患者的N2阵列持续时间较短,相关的N2纺锤体也较短,但其他N2纺锤体特征相似。在对年龄和性别进行调整后,1 型嗜睡症患者的睡眠后记忆表现比 HC 差(平均记忆巩固 HC:-3.1% ± 18.7,NT1:-15.6 ± 24.8,主效应组 x 测试时间 F=5.3,P=0.03)。我们没有发现睡眠依赖性记忆巩固与 N2 纺锤体特征之间有明显关系。值得注意的是,N1%的增加与睡眠依赖性记忆巩固的恶化有关,其结果由1型嗜睡症组驱动:结论:患有 1 型纳可利癫痫症的青少年的睡眠依赖性记忆巩固受到轻微损害,其发现可能是由于 N1 睡眠增加所致。还需要进一步研究,以确定这些发现是否具有普遍性,以及是否可以通过睡眠疗法逆转。
Impaired Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation in Pediatric Narcolepsy Type 1.
Study objectives: Disrupted nighttime sleep (DNS) is common in pediatric Narcolepsy type 1, yet its cognitive impact is unknown. As N2 sleep spindles are necessary for sleep-dependent memory consolidation, we hypothesized that Narcolepsy Type 1 impairs memory consolidation via N2 sleep fragmentation and N2 sleep spindle alterations.
Methods: We trained 28 pediatric Narcolepsy Type 1 participants and 27 healthy controls (HC) on a spatial declarative memory task before a nocturnal in-lab polysomnogram and then gave them a cued recall test upon awakening in the morning. We extracted wake and sleep stage bout numbers and N2 spindle characteristics from the polysomnogram and conducted mixed model analysis of sleep-dependent memory consolidation to identify group differences.
Results: Narcolepsy Type 1 participants had shorter N2 bout durations and associated shorter N2 spindles vs. HC, but other N2 spindle features were similar. Narcolepsy Type 1 participants had worse memory performance post-sleep than HCs after adjusting for age and gender (mean memory consolidation HC: -3.1% ± 18.7, NT1: -15.6 ± 24.8, main effect group x time of testing F=5.3, p=0.03). We did not find significant relationships between sleep-dependent memory consolidation and N2 spindle characteristics. Notably, increased N1% was associated with worse sleep-dependent memory consolidation with results driven by the Narcolepsy Type 1 group.
Conclusions: Sleep-dependent memory consolidation is mildly impaired in youth with Narcolepsy Type 1 and findings may be attributed to increases in N1 sleep. Further studies are needed to determine if these findings are generalizable and reversible with sleep-based therapies.
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