不同的生境利用方式支持淡水食鱼动物(梭子鱼)沿着咸水湖的盐度梯度进行小规模种群分化。

IF 2.3 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q2 ECOLOGY
Oecologia Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1007/s00442-024-05627-7
Timo D Rittweg, Clive Trueman, Michael Wiedenbeck, Jan Fietzke, Christian Wolter, Lauren Talluto, Stefan Dennenmoser, Arne Nolte, Robert Arlinghaus
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在移动动物中,时空变化的生态因素所产生的选择压力往往会促使迁徙行为和相关生理表型发生适应性变化。这些适应性可能会在种群内表现为生态和基因上不同的生态型。我们研究了咸水环境中的梭子鱼(Esox lucius)元种群,并考察了沿环境梯度的种群内分化。我们通过耳石微化学鉴定了从咸水泻湖和邻近淡水支流采样的 120 个梭子鱼个体在栖息地利用方面的行为表型。我们通过 33 个高信息量遗传标记对 1514 条梭子鱼个体进行了基因分型。我们对 101 个同时具有表型和基因组数据的梭子鱼子集进行了行为表型与基因型之间关系的研究。幼鱼和成鱼生命阶段的热盐度差异表明,从温暖、低盐度的早期栖息地向寒冷、高盐度的成鱼栖息地的本体发育转移。发现了四种行为表型:淡水栖息个体、溯河栖息个体、咸水栖息个体和跨栖息地个体,后者表现出在咸水和淡水区域之间的中间栖息地利用。行为表型的基础是四种基因型,即假定的淡水基因型、假定的溯河基因型和两种假定的咸水基因型。通过表型-基因型匹配,确定了三种生态型:(i)咸水栖息生态型,(ii)淡水栖息或溯河洄游生态型,以及(iii)以前未描述过的适应中间盐度的中间跨栖息地生态型,表现出对淡水的有限依赖。所有生态型的终生生长情况相似,表明其适应性相当。通过将遗传数据与终身栖息地利用和生长作为适应性替代物相结合,我们的研究揭示了对非生物环境梯度(主要是盐度)的强烈分化反应,表明沿海梭子鱼的生态型多样性比以前认为的要高。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Variable habitat use supports fine-scale population differentiation of a freshwater piscivore (northern pike, Esox lucius) along salinity gradients in brackish lagoons.

In mobile animals, selection pressures resulting from spatio-temporally varying ecological factors often drive adaptations in migration behavior and associated physiological phenotypes. These adaptations may manifest in ecologically and genetically distinct ecotypes within populations. We studied a meta-population of northern pike (Esox lucius) in brackish environments and examined intrapopulation divergence along environmental gradients. Behavioral phenotypes in habitat use were characterized via otolith microchemistry in 120 individuals sampled from brackish lagoons and adjacent freshwater tributaries. We genotyped 1514 individual pike at 33 highly informative genetic markers. The relationship between behavioral phenotype and genotype was examined in a subset of 101 pikes for which both phenotypic and genomic data were available. Thermosaline differences between juvenile and adult life stages indicated ontogenetic shifts from warm, low-saline early habitats towards colder, higher-saline adult habitats. Four behavioral phenotypes were found: Freshwater residents, anadromous, brackish residents, and cross-habitat individuals, the latter showing intermediary habitat use between brackish and freshwater areas. Underlying the behavioral phenotypes were four genotypes, putative freshwater, putative anadromous, and two putatively brackish genotypes. Through phenotype-genotype matching, three ecotypes were identified: (i) a brackish resident ecotype, (ii) a freshwater ecotype expressing freshwater residency or anadromy, and (iii) a previously undescribed intermediary cross-habitat ecotype adapted to intermediate salinities, showing limited reliance on freshwater. Life-time growth of all ecotypes was similar, suggesting comparable fitness. By combining genetic data with lifelong habitat use and growth as a fitness surrogate, our study revealed strong differentiation in response to abiotic environmental gradients, primarily salinity, indicating ecotype diversity in coastal northern pike is higher than previously believed.

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来源期刊
Oecologia
Oecologia 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
5.10
自引率
0.00%
发文量
192
审稿时长
5.3 months
期刊介绍: Oecologia publishes innovative ecological research of international interest. We seek reviews, advances in methodology, and original contributions, emphasizing the following areas: Population ecology, Plant-microbe-animal interactions, Ecosystem ecology, Community ecology, Global change ecology, Conservation ecology, Behavioral ecology and Physiological Ecology. In general, studies that are purely descriptive, mathematical, documentary, and/or natural history will not be considered.
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