母羊都去哪儿了?新西兰 34 个羊群的母羊淘汰和死亡率。

IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q3 VETERINARY SCIENCES
A L Ridler, R A Corner-Thomas, S Mote, S Morgan, P R Kenyon, K J Flay
{"title":"母羊都去哪儿了?新西兰 34 个羊群的母羊淘汰和死亡率。","authors":"A L Ridler, R A Corner-Thomas, S Mote, S Morgan, P R Kenyon, K J Flay","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2024.2409216","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe rates of and reasons for culling and mortality of ewes between breeding and mid-lactation on New Zealand sheep farms; to investigate associations of these variables with farm demographic variables; and to describe rates of and reasons for culling of ewes at weaning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were a convenience sample of 34 farms from across New Zealand. Demographic data were initially collected for each farm via a questionnaire administered in-person to the flock owner or manager. During approximately 8 months from breeding to mid-lactation, ewe tally, culling and mortality data were collected and used to calculate various parameters related to flock performance and to investigate associations. During the main ewe-culling event at weaning, ewe-culling data were collected from 29/34 flocks participating in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was considerable variation between flocks, but the between-flock mean replacement percentage was 29.2 (SD 5.0)%. Overall, a between-flock mean of 10.5 (SD 4.6)% of ewes presented for breeding were culled or dead/missing by mid-lactation and thus did not rear any lambs. Additionally, from 27 flocks that reported data on ewes' success at rearing lambs, a between-flock mean of 3.9 (SD 2.5)% of ewes that remained alive at mid-lactation failed to rear any lambs, resulting in an overall between-flock mean loss of 23.1 (SD 6.3) potential lambs per 100 ewes. Two-thirds of ewe mortalities between breeding and mid-lactation occurred during the lambing period. Model results showed flocks with higher pregnancy scanning percentages had lower rates of culling and mortality between breeding and mid-lactation. However, apart from farm contour, from breeding to mid-lactation there were no associations for culling and mortality with farm size, flock size, number of ewes per labour unit, whether ewe hoggets (7-9 months of age) were presented for breeding, or duration of the breeding period. A between-flock mean of 16.5 (SD 8.3)% of ewes present at weaning were culled, and among mixed-age ewes, the most common reasons for culling at this time were age, incisor teeth defects and udder defects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To reduce unnecessary ewe culling and mortality, attention should be focused on maximising conception rates, ensuring judicious culling decisions, optimising body condition score, and identifying farm-specific causes of death over the lambing period to facilitate targeted intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Identifying why and when ewes exit flocks, and comparing it with the data presented here, will facilitate the development of flock-specific interventions to reduce ewe culling and mortality.</p><p><p> .</p><p><strong>Abbreviations: </strong>BCS: Body condition score; NI: North Island; SI: South Island.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Where do all the ewes go? Ewe culling and mortality in 34 sheep flocks in New Zealand.\",\"authors\":\"A L Ridler, R A Corner-Thomas, S Mote, S Morgan, P R Kenyon, K J Flay\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/00480169.2024.2409216\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To describe rates of and reasons for culling and mortality of ewes between breeding and mid-lactation on New Zealand sheep farms; to investigate associations of these variables with farm demographic variables; and to describe rates of and reasons for culling of ewes at weaning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants were a convenience sample of 34 farms from across New Zealand. Demographic data were initially collected for each farm via a questionnaire administered in-person to the flock owner or manager. During approximately 8 months from breeding to mid-lactation, ewe tally, culling and mortality data were collected and used to calculate various parameters related to flock performance and to investigate associations. During the main ewe-culling event at weaning, ewe-culling data were collected from 29/34 flocks participating in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was considerable variation between flocks, but the between-flock mean replacement percentage was 29.2 (SD 5.0)%. Overall, a between-flock mean of 10.5 (SD 4.6)% of ewes presented for breeding were culled or dead/missing by mid-lactation and thus did not rear any lambs. Additionally, from 27 flocks that reported data on ewes' success at rearing lambs, a between-flock mean of 3.9 (SD 2.5)% of ewes that remained alive at mid-lactation failed to rear any lambs, resulting in an overall between-flock mean loss of 23.1 (SD 6.3) potential lambs per 100 ewes. Two-thirds of ewe mortalities between breeding and mid-lactation occurred during the lambing period. Model results showed flocks with higher pregnancy scanning percentages had lower rates of culling and mortality between breeding and mid-lactation. However, apart from farm contour, from breeding to mid-lactation there were no associations for culling and mortality with farm size, flock size, number of ewes per labour unit, whether ewe hoggets (7-9 months of age) were presented for breeding, or duration of the breeding period. A between-flock mean of 16.5 (SD 8.3)% of ewes present at weaning were culled, and among mixed-age ewes, the most common reasons for culling at this time were age, incisor teeth defects and udder defects.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To reduce unnecessary ewe culling and mortality, attention should be focused on maximising conception rates, ensuring judicious culling decisions, optimising body condition score, and identifying farm-specific causes of death over the lambing period to facilitate targeted intervention strategies.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Identifying why and when ewes exit flocks, and comparing it with the data presented here, will facilitate the development of flock-specific interventions to reduce ewe culling and mortality.</p><p><p> .</p><p><strong>Abbreviations: </strong>BCS: Body condition score; NI: North Island; SI: South Island.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19322,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"New Zealand veterinary journal\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.1000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"New Zealand veterinary journal\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"97\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2024.2409216\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"农林科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"VETERINARY SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"New Zealand veterinary journal","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00480169.2024.2409216","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"VETERINARY SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:描述新西兰养羊场从配种到泌乳中期的母羊淘汰率和死亡率及其原因;调查这些变量与养羊场人口统计学变量的关系;描述断奶母羊淘汰率及其原因:参与者为新西兰全国 34 个牧场的方便抽样。每个牧场的人口统计学数据最初都是通过向牧场主或经理当面发放调查问卷收集的。从配种到泌乳中期的大约 8 个月期间,收集母羊存栏数、宰杀数和死亡率数据,用于计算与羊群性能有关的各种参数并研究相关性。在断奶期主要的母羊淘汰活动期间,从参与研究的 29/34 个羊群中收集了母羊淘汰数据:各群之间的差异很大,但各群之间的平均替代率为 29.2%(标准差为 5.0%)。总体而言,10.5%(SD 4.6)的母羊在泌乳中期被淘汰或死亡/失踪,因此没有产下任何羔羊。此外,在 27 个报告了母羊成功哺育羔羊数据的羊群中,在泌乳中期仍存活的母羊中,平均有 3.9%(SD 2.5)的母羊未能哺育任何羔羊,导致每 100 只母羊在羊群间平均损失 23.1 只(SD 6.3)潜在羔羊。从配种到哺乳中期,三分之二的母羊死亡发生在产羔期间。模型结果表明,妊娠扫描率较高的羊群在育成期和哺乳中期的淘汰率和死亡率较低。然而,除了猪场等高线外,从配种到哺乳中期,淘汰率和死亡率与猪场规模、羊群规模、每个劳动单位的母羊数量、母猪(7-9 月龄)是否配种以及配种期的持续时间均无关联。断奶时被淘汰的母羊在羊群间的平均比例为 16.5%(标准差为 8.3%),在混龄母羊中,最常见的淘汰原因是年龄、门齿缺陷和乳房缺陷:为减少不必要的母羊淘汰和死亡率,应将注意力集中在最大限度地提高受胎率、确保做出明智的淘汰决定、优化体况评分以及识别产羔期间特定牧场的死亡原因上,以便采取有针对性的干预策略:临床相关性:确定母羊离群的原因和时间,并与本文提供的数据进行比较,将有助于制定针对特定羊群的干预措施,以减少母羊淘汰和死亡率。.缩写:缩写:BCS:NI:北岛;SI:南岛。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Where do all the ewes go? Ewe culling and mortality in 34 sheep flocks in New Zealand.

Aims: To describe rates of and reasons for culling and mortality of ewes between breeding and mid-lactation on New Zealand sheep farms; to investigate associations of these variables with farm demographic variables; and to describe rates of and reasons for culling of ewes at weaning.

Methods: Participants were a convenience sample of 34 farms from across New Zealand. Demographic data were initially collected for each farm via a questionnaire administered in-person to the flock owner or manager. During approximately 8 months from breeding to mid-lactation, ewe tally, culling and mortality data were collected and used to calculate various parameters related to flock performance and to investigate associations. During the main ewe-culling event at weaning, ewe-culling data were collected from 29/34 flocks participating in the study.

Results: There was considerable variation between flocks, but the between-flock mean replacement percentage was 29.2 (SD 5.0)%. Overall, a between-flock mean of 10.5 (SD 4.6)% of ewes presented for breeding were culled or dead/missing by mid-lactation and thus did not rear any lambs. Additionally, from 27 flocks that reported data on ewes' success at rearing lambs, a between-flock mean of 3.9 (SD 2.5)% of ewes that remained alive at mid-lactation failed to rear any lambs, resulting in an overall between-flock mean loss of 23.1 (SD 6.3) potential lambs per 100 ewes. Two-thirds of ewe mortalities between breeding and mid-lactation occurred during the lambing period. Model results showed flocks with higher pregnancy scanning percentages had lower rates of culling and mortality between breeding and mid-lactation. However, apart from farm contour, from breeding to mid-lactation there were no associations for culling and mortality with farm size, flock size, number of ewes per labour unit, whether ewe hoggets (7-9 months of age) were presented for breeding, or duration of the breeding period. A between-flock mean of 16.5 (SD 8.3)% of ewes present at weaning were culled, and among mixed-age ewes, the most common reasons for culling at this time were age, incisor teeth defects and udder defects.

Conclusions: To reduce unnecessary ewe culling and mortality, attention should be focused on maximising conception rates, ensuring judicious culling decisions, optimising body condition score, and identifying farm-specific causes of death over the lambing period to facilitate targeted intervention strategies.

Clinical relevance: Identifying why and when ewes exit flocks, and comparing it with the data presented here, will facilitate the development of flock-specific interventions to reduce ewe culling and mortality.

 .

Abbreviations: BCS: Body condition score; NI: North Island; SI: South Island.

求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
New Zealand veterinary journal
New Zealand veterinary journal 农林科学-兽医学
CiteScore
3.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
37
审稿时长
12-24 weeks
期刊介绍: The New Zealand Veterinary Journal (NZVJ) is an international journal publishing high quality peer-reviewed articles covering all aspects of veterinary science, including clinical practice, animal welfare and animal health. The NZVJ publishes original research findings, clinical communications (including novel case reports and case series), rapid communications, correspondence and review articles, originating from New Zealand and internationally. Topics should be relevant to, but not limited to, New Zealand veterinary and animal science communities, and include the disciplines of infectious disease, medicine, surgery and the health, management and welfare of production and companion animals, horses and New Zealand wildlife. All submissions are expected to meet the highest ethical and welfare standards, as detailed in the Journal’s instructions for authors.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信