{"title":"揭示抗生素压力对艰难梭菌临床分离株生物膜形成和毒素-抗毒素系统基因表达的影响。","authors":"Nasim Cheraghi, Saeed Khoshnood, Nourkhoda Sadeghifard, Niloufar Khodaei, Parisa Asadollahi, Saiyad Bastaminejad, Ebrahim Kouhsari, Nazanin Omidi, Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani","doi":"10.1007/s11033-024-09993-6","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study investigates how antibiotics affect biofilm formation and toxin gene expression in Clostridium difficile, which is essential for its survival and persistence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study confirmed 25 strains of C. difficile and assessed biofilm formation. The MIC of metronidazole and vancomycin was determined through agar dilution, and the impact of sub-MIC levels on biofilm formation and eradication was investigated. Additionally, Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression levels of target genes related to antibiotic treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that certain genes, such as the ImmA/IrrE system, were associated with increased biofilm formation in isolates. Sub-MIC antibiotic levels influenced gene expression related to biofilm activities, particularly emphasizing the importance of toxin-antitoxin systems. The results suggest that antibiotics at sub-MIC levels may play a signaling role in promoting biofilm formation and gene expression in C. difficile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that toxin and antitoxin genes may impact C. difficile biofilm formation, while antibiotics could signal biofilm strengthening and gene expression increase.</p>","PeriodicalId":18755,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Biology Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Unveiling the impact of antibiotic stress on biofilm formation and expression of toxin-antitoxin system genes in Clostridium difficile clinical isolates.\",\"authors\":\"Nasim Cheraghi, Saeed Khoshnood, Nourkhoda Sadeghifard, Niloufar Khodaei, Parisa Asadollahi, Saiyad Bastaminejad, Ebrahim Kouhsari, Nazanin Omidi, Behrooz Sadeghi Kalani\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s11033-024-09993-6\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study investigates how antibiotics affect biofilm formation and toxin gene expression in Clostridium difficile, which is essential for its survival and persistence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study confirmed 25 strains of C. difficile and assessed biofilm formation. The MIC of metronidazole and vancomycin was determined through agar dilution, and the impact of sub-MIC levels on biofilm formation and eradication was investigated. Additionally, Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression levels of target genes related to antibiotic treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that certain genes, such as the ImmA/IrrE system, were associated with increased biofilm formation in isolates. Sub-MIC antibiotic levels influenced gene expression related to biofilm activities, particularly emphasizing the importance of toxin-antitoxin systems. The results suggest that antibiotics at sub-MIC levels may play a signaling role in promoting biofilm formation and gene expression in C. difficile.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study suggests that toxin and antitoxin genes may impact C. difficile biofilm formation, while antibiotics could signal biofilm strengthening and gene expression increase.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":18755,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Molecular Biology Reports\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-17\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Molecular Biology Reports\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"99\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-024-09993-6\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"生物学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Biology Reports","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-024-09993-6","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
研究目的本研究调查了抗生素如何影响艰难梭菌的生物膜形成和毒素基因表达,这对艰难梭菌的生存和持久性至关重要:研究确认了 25 株艰难梭菌,并评估了生物膜的形成。通过琼脂稀释法确定了甲硝唑和万古霉素的 MIC 值,并研究了低于 MIC 值对生物膜形成和根除的影响。此外,还使用实时 PCR 分析了与抗生素治疗相关的目标基因的表达水平:结果:我们发现,某些基因(如 ImmA/IrrE 系统)与分离株生物膜形成的增加有关。亚微克级抗生素水平影响了与生物膜活动有关的基因表达,尤其强调了毒素-抗毒素系统的重要性。结果表明,亚微克级抗生素可能在促进艰难梭菌生物膜形成和基因表达方面发挥信号作用:我们的研究表明,毒素和抗毒素基因可能会影响艰难梭菌生物膜的形成,而抗生素则可能是生物膜强化和基因表达增加的信号。
Unveiling the impact of antibiotic stress on biofilm formation and expression of toxin-antitoxin system genes in Clostridium difficile clinical isolates.
Objectives: The study investigates how antibiotics affect biofilm formation and toxin gene expression in Clostridium difficile, which is essential for its survival and persistence.
Methods: The study confirmed 25 strains of C. difficile and assessed biofilm formation. The MIC of metronidazole and vancomycin was determined through agar dilution, and the impact of sub-MIC levels on biofilm formation and eradication was investigated. Additionally, Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression levels of target genes related to antibiotic treatment.
Results: We found that certain genes, such as the ImmA/IrrE system, were associated with increased biofilm formation in isolates. Sub-MIC antibiotic levels influenced gene expression related to biofilm activities, particularly emphasizing the importance of toxin-antitoxin systems. The results suggest that antibiotics at sub-MIC levels may play a signaling role in promoting biofilm formation and gene expression in C. difficile.
Conclusion: Our study suggests that toxin and antitoxin genes may impact C. difficile biofilm formation, while antibiotics could signal biofilm strengthening and gene expression increase.
期刊介绍:
Molecular Biology Reports publishes original research papers and review articles that demonstrate novel molecular and cellular findings in both eukaryotes (animals, plants, algae, funghi) and prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea).The journal publishes results of both fundamental and translational research as well as new techniques that advance experimental progress in the field and presents original research papers, short communications and (mini-) reviews.