Zhi Cao, Can Zhao, Shiwei Mo, Bing-Hong Gao, Meng Liu
{"title":"橘皮苷联合乳清蛋白对专业运动员运动诱发支气管收缩的影响:安慰剂对照试验。","authors":"Zhi Cao, Can Zhao, Shiwei Mo, Bing-Hong Gao, Meng Liu","doi":"10.1080/15502783.2024.2414870","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is highly prevalent in athletes. The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of daily tangeretin combined with whey protein supplementation over a period of 4 weeks in professional athletes with EIB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a placebo-controlled, double-blind, paired, randomized trial design, a cohort of 30 professional athletes with EIB, consisting of 14 females and 16 males, was divided into two groups: the tangeretin combined with whey protein intervention group (TIG), and the placebo control group (PCG). Both the TIG and PCG underwent exercise challenge tests (ECT) and VO<sub>2max</sub> tests before (ECT<sub>1</sub>, V1) and after (ECT<sub>2</sub>, V2) the intervention. Blood (eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils) and serum (interleukin-5, IL-5; interleukin-8, IL-8; Clara cell secretory protein-16, CC16; immunoglobulin E, IgE) levels were measured early in the morning of ECT<sub>1</sub> and ECT<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Lung function was assessed immediately before and post-ECT immediately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tangeretin combined with whey protein use for 4 weeks attenuated the decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV<sub>1</sub>) post trials (∆FEV<sub>1</sub>(ECT1-ECT2): mean (SD) TIG -7.51(6.9)% vs. PCG -2.33(11.49)%, <i>p</i> = 0.013). Tangeretin also substantially attenuated IL-5 concentration (∆IL-5(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -19.4% vs Placebo + 8.37%, <i>p</i> = 0.022); IL-8 concentration (∆IL-8(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -17.28% vs Placebo + 6.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.012); CC16 concentration (∆CC16(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -11.77% vs Placebo + 24.19%); and IgE concentration in the serum (∆IgE(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -24.1% vs Placebo -3.9%), and significantly decreased neutrophil count (∆N(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -11.34% vs Placebo + 0.3%) and eosinophil count in blood (∆N(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -38.5% vs Placebo + 4.35%). Compared with V1, VO<sub>2max</sub> (<i>p</i> = 0.042) and TLim (<i>p</i> = 0.05) of V2 were significantly increased in the TIG, and there was no significant change in the PCG. Meanwhile, six athletes in the TIG and 0 athletes in the PCG became EIB-negative at ECT<sub>2</sub>; the overall negative conversion rate of EIB was 40.00% in TCG. Additionally, the number of cough symptoms decreased from 9 to 3 and dyspnea from 4 to 2 in the TIG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After high-intensity exercise, athletes with EIB achieved significant improvements in lung function and blood inflammatory factors by combining tangeretin and whey protein supplementation. EIB athletes also showed longer exercise endurance and VO<sub>2max</sub> at 4 weeks after TI. In addition, some patient symptoms disappeared after combination supplementation. The effect of this treatment on professional athletes with EIB was beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":17400,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","volume":"21 1","pages":"2414870"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492410/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"The impact of tangeretin combined with whey protein on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in professional athletes: a placebo-controlled trial.\",\"authors\":\"Zhi Cao, Can Zhao, Shiwei Mo, Bing-Hong Gao, Meng Liu\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/15502783.2024.2414870\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is highly prevalent in athletes. The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of daily tangeretin combined with whey protein supplementation over a period of 4 weeks in professional athletes with EIB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a placebo-controlled, double-blind, paired, randomized trial design, a cohort of 30 professional athletes with EIB, consisting of 14 females and 16 males, was divided into two groups: the tangeretin combined with whey protein intervention group (TIG), and the placebo control group (PCG). Both the TIG and PCG underwent exercise challenge tests (ECT) and VO<sub>2max</sub> tests before (ECT<sub>1</sub>, V1) and after (ECT<sub>2</sub>, V2) the intervention. Blood (eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils) and serum (interleukin-5, IL-5; interleukin-8, IL-8; Clara cell secretory protein-16, CC16; immunoglobulin E, IgE) levels were measured early in the morning of ECT<sub>1</sub> and ECT<sub>2</sub>, respectively. Lung function was assessed immediately before and post-ECT immediately.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Tangeretin combined with whey protein use for 4 weeks attenuated the decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV<sub>1</sub>) post trials (∆FEV<sub>1</sub>(ECT1-ECT2): mean (SD) TIG -7.51(6.9)% vs. PCG -2.33(11.49)%, <i>p</i> = 0.013). Tangeretin also substantially attenuated IL-5 concentration (∆IL-5(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -19.4% vs Placebo + 8.37%, <i>p</i> = 0.022); IL-8 concentration (∆IL-8(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -17.28% vs Placebo + 6.1%, <i>p</i> = 0.012); CC16 concentration (∆CC16(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -11.77% vs Placebo + 24.19%); and IgE concentration in the serum (∆IgE(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -24.1% vs Placebo -3.9%), and significantly decreased neutrophil count (∆N(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -11.34% vs Placebo + 0.3%) and eosinophil count in blood (∆N(T<sub>1</sub>-T<sub>5</sub>): Tangeretin -38.5% vs Placebo + 4.35%). Compared with V1, VO<sub>2max</sub> (<i>p</i> = 0.042) and TLim (<i>p</i> = 0.05) of V2 were significantly increased in the TIG, and there was no significant change in the PCG. Meanwhile, six athletes in the TIG and 0 athletes in the PCG became EIB-negative at ECT<sub>2</sub>; the overall negative conversion rate of EIB was 40.00% in TCG. Additionally, the number of cough symptoms decreased from 9 to 3 and dyspnea from 4 to 2 in the TIG.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>After high-intensity exercise, athletes with EIB achieved significant improvements in lung function and blood inflammatory factors by combining tangeretin and whey protein supplementation. EIB athletes also showed longer exercise endurance and VO<sub>2max</sub> at 4 weeks after TI. In addition, some patient symptoms disappeared after combination supplementation. The effect of this treatment on professional athletes with EIB was beneficial.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":17400,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition\",\"volume\":\"21 1\",\"pages\":\"2414870\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11492410/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2414870\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2024/10/18 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"NUTRITION & DIETETICS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15502783.2024.2414870","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2024/10/18 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"NUTRITION & DIETETICS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
摘要
背景:运动诱发的支气管收缩(EIB)在运动员中非常普遍。本研究的目的是评估在 4 周内每天补充坦格列汀和乳清蛋白对 EIB 专业运动员的治疗效果:采用安慰剂对照、双盲、配对、随机试验设计,将30名患有EIB的专业运动员(包括14名女性和16名男性)分为两组:橘皮素联合乳清蛋白干预组(TIG)和安慰剂对照组(PCG)。TIG组和PCG组在干预前(ECT1,V1)和干预后(ECT2,V2)都进行了运动挑战测试(ECT)和最大氧饱和度测试。分别在 ECT1 和 ECT2 的清晨测量了血液(嗜酸性粒细胞、中性粒细胞和嗜碱性粒细胞)和血清(白细胞介素-5,IL-5;白细胞介素-8,IL-8;克拉细胞分泌蛋白-16,CC16;免疫球蛋白 E,IgE)水平。ECT前和ECT后立即对肺功能进行评估:结果:橘皮苷与乳清蛋白联合使用 4 周后,试验后 1 秒内用力呼气容积(FEV1)的下降有所减弱(ΔFEV1(ECT1-ECT2):平均值(标度)TIG -7.51(6.9)% vs. PCG -2.33(11.49)%, p = 0.013)。橘皮苷还大大降低了 IL-5 的浓度(∆IL-5(T1-T5):Tangeretin -19.4% vs Placebo + 8.37%, p = 0.022);IL-8 浓度(∆IL-8(T1-T5):Tangeretin -17.28% vs Placebo + 6.1%,p = 0.012);CC16 浓度(∆CC16(T1-T5):Tangeretin -11.77% vs Placebo + 24.19%);血清中的 IgE 浓度(∆IgE(T1-T5):Tangeretin -24.1% vs Placebo -3.9%),以及中性粒细胞计数显著下降(∆N(T1-T5):Tangeretin -11.34% vs Placebo + 0.3%)和血液中的嗜酸性粒细胞计数(∆N(T1-T5): Tangeretin -38.5% vs Placebo + 0.3%):Tangeretin -38.5% vs Placebo + 4.35%)。与 V1 相比,TIG 组 V2 的 VO2max(p = 0.042)和 TLim(p = 0.05)显著增加,而 PCG 没有显著变化。同时,在 ECT2 时,TIG 组有 6 名运动员 EIB 阴性,PCG 组有 0 名运动员 EIB 阴性;TCG 组 EIB 的总体阴转率为 40.00%。此外,在TIG中,咳嗽症状从9个减少到3个,呼吸困难从4个减少到2个:结论:EIB 运动员在进行高强度运动后,通过补充橘皮素和乳清蛋白,肺功能和血液中的炎症因子都得到了显著改善。EIB 运动员在服用 TI 4 周后,运动耐力和 VO2max 也有所提高。此外,在联合补充后,一些患者的症状也消失了。这种治疗方法对患有 EIB 的专业运动员是有益的。
The impact of tangeretin combined with whey protein on exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in professional athletes: a placebo-controlled trial.
Background: Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) is highly prevalent in athletes. The objective of this study was to assess the therapeutic efficacy of daily tangeretin combined with whey protein supplementation over a period of 4 weeks in professional athletes with EIB.
Methods: Using a placebo-controlled, double-blind, paired, randomized trial design, a cohort of 30 professional athletes with EIB, consisting of 14 females and 16 males, was divided into two groups: the tangeretin combined with whey protein intervention group (TIG), and the placebo control group (PCG). Both the TIG and PCG underwent exercise challenge tests (ECT) and VO2max tests before (ECT1, V1) and after (ECT2, V2) the intervention. Blood (eosinophils, neutrophils, and basophils) and serum (interleukin-5, IL-5; interleukin-8, IL-8; Clara cell secretory protein-16, CC16; immunoglobulin E, IgE) levels were measured early in the morning of ECT1 and ECT2, respectively. Lung function was assessed immediately before and post-ECT immediately.
Results: Tangeretin combined with whey protein use for 4 weeks attenuated the decrease in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) post trials (∆FEV1(ECT1-ECT2): mean (SD) TIG -7.51(6.9)% vs. PCG -2.33(11.49)%, p = 0.013). Tangeretin also substantially attenuated IL-5 concentration (∆IL-5(T1-T5): Tangeretin -19.4% vs Placebo + 8.37%, p = 0.022); IL-8 concentration (∆IL-8(T1-T5): Tangeretin -17.28% vs Placebo + 6.1%, p = 0.012); CC16 concentration (∆CC16(T1-T5): Tangeretin -11.77% vs Placebo + 24.19%); and IgE concentration in the serum (∆IgE(T1-T5): Tangeretin -24.1% vs Placebo -3.9%), and significantly decreased neutrophil count (∆N(T1-T5): Tangeretin -11.34% vs Placebo + 0.3%) and eosinophil count in blood (∆N(T1-T5): Tangeretin -38.5% vs Placebo + 4.35%). Compared with V1, VO2max (p = 0.042) and TLim (p = 0.05) of V2 were significantly increased in the TIG, and there was no significant change in the PCG. Meanwhile, six athletes in the TIG and 0 athletes in the PCG became EIB-negative at ECT2; the overall negative conversion rate of EIB was 40.00% in TCG. Additionally, the number of cough symptoms decreased from 9 to 3 and dyspnea from 4 to 2 in the TIG.
Conclusion: After high-intensity exercise, athletes with EIB achieved significant improvements in lung function and blood inflammatory factors by combining tangeretin and whey protein supplementation. EIB athletes also showed longer exercise endurance and VO2max at 4 weeks after TI. In addition, some patient symptoms disappeared after combination supplementation. The effect of this treatment on professional athletes with EIB was beneficial.
期刊介绍:
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (JISSN) focuses on the acute and chronic effects of sports nutrition and supplementation strategies on body composition, physical performance and metabolism. JISSN is aimed at researchers and sport enthusiasts focused on delivering knowledge on exercise and nutrition on health, disease, rehabilitation, training, and performance. The journal provides a platform on which readers can determine nutritional strategies that may enhance exercise and/or training adaptations leading to improved health and performance.