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引用次数: 0
摘要
组蛋白对 DNA 包装至关重要,其翻译后修饰对基因调控有重大影响。在这些修饰中,组蛋白尾部的裂解尽管探索较少,但最近却引起了人们的关注。各种蛋白酶的裂解影响着干细胞分化、衰老、感染和炎症等过程,但其机制仍不清楚。这篇综述深入探讨了组蛋白蛋白水解裂解及其表观遗传学意义的最新见解,强调了作为动态支架的染色质如何通过组蛋白修饰、置换和 ATP 依赖性重塑对信号做出反应。具体来说,组蛋白尾部裂解与粒细胞分化、病毒感染、衰老、酵母孢子化和癌症发展等关键细胞过程有关。尽管组蛋白裂解与基因表达之间的确切联系机制仍在不断涌现,但很明显,这一过程代表了一种与染色质动力学交织在一起的新型表观遗传转录机制。本综述探讨了已知的组蛋白尾部裂解事件、所涉及的蛋白水解酶、它们对基因表达的影响以及这一不断发展的领域未来的研究方向。
Histone Tail Cleavage as a Mechanism for Epigenetic Regulation.
Histones are essential for DNA packaging and undergo post-translational modifications that significantly influence gene regulation. Among these modifications, histone tail cleavage has recently garnered attention despite being less explored. Cleavage by various proteases impacts processes such as stem cell differentiation, aging, infection, and inflammation, though the mechanisms remain unclear. This review delves into recent insights on histone proteolytic cleavage and its epigenetic significance, highlighting how chromatin, which serves as a dynamic scaffold, responds to signals through histone modification, replacement, and ATP-dependent remodeling. Specifically, histone tail cleavage is linked to critical cellular processes such as granulocyte differentiation, viral infection, aging, yeast sporulation, and cancer development. Although the exact mechanisms connecting histone cleavage to gene expression are still emerging, it is clear that this process represents a novel epigenetic transcriptional mechanism intertwined with chromatin dynamics. This review explores known histone tail cleavage events, the proteolytic enzymes involved, their impact on gene expression, and future research directions in this evolving field.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067) provides an advanced forum for chemistry, molecular physics (chemical physics and physical chemistry) and molecular biology. It publishes research articles, reviews, communications and short notes. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their theoretical and experimental results in as much detail as possible. Therefore, there is no restriction on the length of the papers or the number of electronics supplementary files. For articles with computational results, the full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material (including animated pictures, videos, interactive Excel sheets, software executables and others).