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引用次数: 0
摘要
乙酰胆碱(ACh)在生理过程中的关键作用包括神经和非神经胆碱能系统(NNCS)。这篇综述描述了乙酰胆碱在神经系统中的合成、释放、受体相互作用和降解,并深入探讨了非神经胆碱能系统在皮肤细胞(包括角质细胞、内皮细胞、成纤维细胞、巨噬细胞和其他免疫细胞)中的作用。我们强调了 NNCS 在维持表皮屏障完整性、促进伤口愈合、调节微循环和调节炎症反应方面的重要功能。我们讨论了 NNCS 作为皮肤局部 ACh 调节治疗靶点的潜力,但由于胆碱能信号的复杂性和缺乏全面的人体研究,这些发现能否转化为临床实践仍不确定。综述进而讨论了非神经递质调节的治疗策略,包括 AChE 抑制剂、烟碱和毒蕈碱受体激动剂和拮抗剂、胆碱摄取增强剂和肉毒杆菌毒素,并强调了它们在皮肤病学中的相关性。我们重点介绍了非神经营养素对牛皮癣、特应性皮炎、酒渣鼻、痤疮、牛皮癣、多汗症和少汗症等常见皮肤病的影响,说明了其在疾病发病机制和治疗中的重要性。本综述旨在加深人们对非神经细胞在皮肤健康和疾病中的作用的了解,为未来的研究和治疗创新奠定基础。
Implications of the non-neuronal cholinergic system for therapeutic interventions of inflammatory skin diseases
The pivotal roles of acetylcholine (ACh) in physiological processes encompass both the nervous and non-neuronal cholinergic systems (NNCS). This review delineates the synthesis, release, receptor interactions, and degradation of ACh within the nervous system, and explores the NNCS in depth within skin cells including keratinocytes, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, macrophages, and other immune cells. We highlight the NNCS's essential functions in maintaining epidermal barrier integrity, promoting wound healing, regulating microcirculation, and modulating inflammatory responses. The potential of the NNCS as a therapeutic target for localized ACh regulation in the skin is discussed, though the translation of these findings into clinical practice remains uncertain due to the complexity of cholinergic signalling and the lack of comprehensive human studies. The review progresses to therapeutic modulation strategies of the NNCS, including AChE inhibitors, nicotinic and muscarinic receptor agonists and antagonists, choline uptake enhancers, and botulinum toxin, highlighting their relevance in dermatology. We highlight the impact of the NNCS on prevalent skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, rosacea, acne, bullous diseases, hyperhidrosis and hypohidrosis, illustrating its significance in disease pathogenesis and therapy. This comprehensive overview aims to enhance understanding of the NNCS's role in skin health and disease, offering a foundation for future research and therapeutic innovation.
期刊介绍:
Experimental Dermatology provides a vehicle for the rapid publication of innovative and definitive reports, letters to the editor and review articles covering all aspects of experimental dermatology. Preference is given to papers of immediate importance to other investigators, either by virtue of their new methodology, experimental data or new ideas. The essential criteria for publication are clarity, experimental soundness and novelty. Letters to the editor related to published reports may also be accepted, provided that they are short and scientifically relevant to the reports mentioned, in order to provide a continuing forum for discussion. Review articles represent a state-of-the-art overview and are invited by the editors.