同一健康:环境、清洁剂和卫生对屏障、微生物群和过敏的影响

Q3 Medicine
Hanna Mayerhofer,  Isabella Pali-Schöll PhD
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引用次数: 0

摘要

从鼻咽部到肺部、子宫、阴道和消化道等各种体表,如皮肤和粘膜,都包含着复杂的微生物生态系统,这些生态系统是根据各自生态位的具体情况量身定制的[1]。所谓的菌群失调--微生物组成的不利变化--与多种疾病的发病机制有关[2]。胃肠道疾病、心血管疾病、新陈代谢疾病、神经退行性疾病、心理疾病、肿瘤疾病以及过敏性疾病都与微生物菌群失调有关。过敏症的易感性可能是遗传所致;此外,当今生活方式中的外在因素也越来越多地导致微生物群发生变化,同时也破坏了皮肤和粘膜屏障,从而导致过敏症的发生[3]。她是工业化国家所有性别的成人和儿童的代表。在她的日常生活中,皮肤和粘膜微生物群受到各种外源因素的影响。这些因素包括日常个人卫生用品、洗衣和洗碗用的洗涤剂、食物、药物、动物接触以及暴露于各种户外环境。吉塞拉的日常生活将说明人体微生物群和皮肤屏障是如何以积极或消极的方式发生改变的,以及这可能如何影响过敏症的发生。此外,还将通过替代产品和行为举例,讨论预防和管理菌群失调的潜在措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
One health: the impact of environment, detergents and hygiene on barrier, microbiome and allergy

A variety of body surfaces, such as skin and mucosal membranes—from the nasopharyngeal area to the lungs, uterus, vaginal area, and digestive tract—contain complex microbial ecosystems that are tailored to the specifics of the respective niche [1].

The so-called dysbiosis—a disadvantageous change in the composition of the microbiome—is associated with the pathogenesis of a variety of diseases [2]. Gastrointestinal as well as cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative, psychological, oncological, and also allergic diseases have been linked to microbial dysbiosis. Susceptibility to allergies can be due to genetic predisposition; in addition, extrinsic factors from today’s lifestyle increasingly contribute to microbiome changes, but also to the disruption of the skin and mucosal barrier and thus to the development of allergies [3].

Gisela, a fictional farmer, guides us through this review. She is representative of adults and children of all genders in industrialized countries. During her daily routine, the skin and mucosal microbiome is influenced by a variety of exogenous factors. These include everyday personal hygiene products, detergents for laundry and dishes, food, medication, animal contact, and exposure to various outdoor environments. Gisela’s daily routine will illustrate how the human microbiome and the skin barrier are modified in positive or negative ways, and how this could influence the development of allergies. Furthermore, potential measures for the prevention and management of dysbiosis will be discussed in terms of examples of alternative products and behaviors.

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来源期刊
Allergo Journal International
Allergo Journal International Medicine-Immunology and Allergy
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
期刊介绍: Allergo Journal International is the official Journal of the German Society for Applied Allergology (AeDA) and the Austrian Society for Allergology and Immunology (ÖGAI). The journal is a forum for the communication and exchange of ideas concerning the various aspects of allergy (including related fields such as clinical immunology and environmental medicine) and promotes German allergy research in an international context. The aim of Allergo Journal International is to provide state of the art information for all medical and scientific disciplines that deal with allergic, immunological and environmental diseases. Allergo Journal International publishes original articles, reviews, short communications, case reports, and letters to the editor. The articles cover topics such as allergic, immunological and environmental diseases, the latest developments in diagnosis and therapy as well as current research work concerning antigens and allergens and aspects related to occupational and environmental medicine. In addition, it publishes clinical guidelines and position papers approved by expert panels of the German, Austrian and Swiss Allergy Societies. All submissions are reviewed in single-blind fashion by at least two reviewers. Originally, the journal started as a German journal called Allergo Journal back in 1992. Throughout the years, English articles amounted to a considerable portion in Allergo Journal. This was one of the reasons to extract the scientific content and publish it in a separate journal. Hence, Allergo Journal International was born and now is the international continuation of the original German journal. Nowadays, all original content is published in Allergo Journal International first. Later, selected manuscripts will be translated and published in German and included in Allergo Journal.
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