2 型糖尿病患者的自我护理方法和影响因素：一项基于医院的横断面研究

IF 2.3 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1016/j.cegh.2024.101822

Nirmal Jyoti Jyotsana , Niraj Pandit , Salil Sharma , Laxman Kumar

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景糖尿病（DM）是印度普遍存在的一种非传染性疾病，由于其急性和慢性并发症，对医疗保健系统产生了重大影响。传统的糖尿病护理方法侧重于医疗专业人员，但最近的研究表明，患者的自我护理至关重要。有效的自我保健方法可以提高 T2DM 患者的生活质量。本研究旨在评估印度古吉拉特邦一家县级医院的 T2DM 患者的自我护理方法。采用糖尿病自我护理活动总结量表（SDSCA）对自我护理活动进行评估。结果大多数参与者为男性（55.9%），年龄超过 60 岁（67.7%）。参与者对药物治疗的依从性较高（平均分 = 6.66 ± 0.86）。然而，对其他自我保健措施的依从性却明显较低；只有 11.8% 的人报告了良好的饮食行为，55.91% 的人定期锻炼，50.5% 的人定期进行足部护理。虽然 83.8% 的人报告了良好的监测行为，但这与血糖检测的低依从性（平均得分 = 0.38 ± 0.59）相矛盾。与年龄≥60 岁的人相比，年龄在 60 岁以上的人对血糖检测的依从性要稍好一些。尽管患者对药物治疗的依从性较好，但对饮食、运动和足部护理的依从性较差。这些发现强调了定制干预措施对改善自我管理教育和支持的重要性，尤其是对老年人而言。

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Self-care practices and influencing factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients: A hospital-based cross-sectional study

Background

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread non-communicable disease in India that significantly affects the healthcare system owing to its acute and chronic complications. The traditional approach to diabetes care has focused on medical professionals, but recent research has indicated that self-care among patients is crucial. Effective self-care practices can enhance the quality of life of T2DM patients. This study aimed to evaluate self-care practices among T2DM patients at a sub-district hospital in Gujarat State, India.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 93 T2DM patients. Self-care activities were assessed using the Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) scale. Descriptive statistics and comparative analyses were performed.

Results

The majority of the participants were male (55.9 %) and over 60 years of age (67.7 %). Participants demonstrated high adherence to medication regimens (mean score = 6.66 ± 0.86). However, adherence to other self-care practices was significantly lower; only 11.8 % reported good dietary behavior, 55.91 % engaged in regular exercise, and 50.5 % performed regular foot care. While 83.8 % reported good monitoring behavior, this contradicts the low adherence to blood glucose testing (mean score = 0.38 ± 0.59). Participants aged <60 years tended to report slightly better adherence to blood glucose testing than those aged ≥60 years.

Conclusion

This study revealed a gap in self-care practices among T2DM patients in Gujarat. Despite good medication adherence, the patients demonstrated poor adherence to diet, exercise, and foot care. These findings emphasize the importance of customized interventions to improve self-management education and support, particularly for older adults.

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来源期刊

Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

4.60

自引率

7.70%

发文量

218

审稿时长

66 days

期刊介绍： Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health (CEGH) is a multidisciplinary journal and it is published four times (March, June, September, December) a year. The mandate of CEGH is to promote articles on clinical epidemiology with focus on developing countries in the context of global health. We also accept articles from other countries. It publishes original research work across all disciplines of medicine and allied sciences, related to clinical epidemiology and global health. The journal publishes Original articles, Review articles, Evidence Summaries, Letters to the Editor. All articles published in CEGH are peer-reviewed and published online for immediate access and citation.