Exploring different dopant materials in conjunction with iron oxide and analyzing their characterization and magnetic properties

The comparative studies of pure and different doping materials of α-XFe₂O₃ (X = Co, Mn, Ni and Zn) nanoparticles in Structural, Morphological, Optical, and magnetic behavior were analyzed in this article. The synthesis of α-XFe₂O₃ nanoparticles through the Sol-gel method for magnetic properties with various doping materials such as Co, Mn, Ni, and Zn. The structural, morphological, optical, and magnetic properties were carefully examined, revealing enhanced characteristics. XRD studies confirmed the successful incorporation of dopants into the crystal structure of α-Fe₂O₃, while Morphological analysis through SEM images indicated superparamagnetic properties in Co and Zn doped samples, and ferrite behavior in Mn and Ni doped samples. UV Spectra analysis showed optical transitional changes related to magnetic behavior, and the dielectric effect was attributed to the presence of multiple domains within the sample. The study effectively demonstrated the unique magnetic properties of pure and α-XFe₂O₃ nanoparticles, highlighting the importance of different doping materials in influencing their characteristics.