Uncovering the synthesis of a visible light-driven manganese-doped copper bismuth oxide catalyst for enhanced degradation of dye: Insights into the factors affecting the degradation

In recent times, effluent pollution has had an exceptionally detrimental effect on aquatic life as well as human beings. The management of wastewater has emerged as a formidable undertaking for scientists owing to the existence of organic contaminants. Herein, we synthesized the manganese-doped copper bismuth oxide (Mn_0.15Cu_0.85Bi₂O₄) through hydrothermal method and employed them for successfully eliminating complex pollutants. The assessment of the visible light-induced photocatalytic efficacy of the catalyst was performed for the degradation of methyl violet (MV). MV had a degradation of 89.68% when CuBi₂O₄ was used. However, the degrading rate of the Mn_0.15Cu_0.85Bi₂O₄ escalated to 99.18% in 36 min. The rate constant exhibited a rise between 0.0627 and 0.1134 min⁻¹, confirming the effectiveness of the Mn_0.15Cu_0.85Bi₂O₄. The effectiveness of the Mn_0.15Cu_0.85Bi₂O₄ is due to its superior surface area (51.97 m²/g), which arises from the integration of Mn-ions. Additionally, examining the impact of different reaction variables revealed a substantial correlation with the elimination of MV dye. The potential reason for the deterioration of MV could be attributed to the generation of ^•OH and O₂^•− radicals, which was confirmed by radical trapping experiments. The photostability of the generated Mn_0.15Cu_0.85Bi₂O₄ catalyst exhibited remarkable characteristics. Ultimately, this study presents a technique for creating effective catalysts for treating wastewater that is both economical and practical.