德国巴伐利亚州两种濒危淡水贻贝保护状况评估的最新进展

IF 2.5 3区 环境科学与生态学 Q3 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Andreas H. Dobler, Philipp Hoos, Juergen Geist
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引用次数: 0

摘要

两种高度濒危的欧洲贻贝物种 Margaritifera margaritifera 和 Unio crassus 是保护的目标物种。根据最近完成的对德国巴伐利亚州 22 条 Margaritifera 和 22 条 U. crassus 溪流的全州系统监测,我们介绍了这两个物种的最新种群趋势、保护现状、栖息地质量和威胁。M.margaritifera和U.crassus溪流之间的种群状况和栖息地质量差异很大,但每个组内的差异也很大。M. margaritifera 的种群数量持续下降,尽管在一些溪流中人工繁殖的幼鱼比例较高。栖息地的质量往往不符合已知的要求,这从河床质量差、缺乏宿主和营养水平升高等方面可以明显看出。相比之下,鲈鱼种群的状况较好,在所有取样溪流中,种群数量都在增加。幼体比例较高,表明繁殖成功。然而,可能由于捕食和溪流结构维护措施,没有发现 16 岁以上的贻贝。气候变化的影响,如极端干旱,对这两个物种都有影响。这项研究表明,这两个物种在保护管理方面有着不同的需求。虽然两种贻贝都需要缓解干旱影响,但对十字花科贻贝来说,应优先解决宿主鱼类管理和直接威胁(如捕食)问题,而恢复优质栖息地和完整的集水区则是使玛格丽特贻贝能够自然繁殖和可持续种群的关键。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An Update on the Conservation Status Assessment of two Endangered Freshwater Mussel Species in Bavaria, Germany

The two highly endangered European mussel species Margaritifera margaritifera and Unio crassus are target species of conservation. Based on a recently completed systematic state-wide monitoring of each 22 M. margaritifera and 22 U. crassus streams in Bavaria, Germany, we present an update on population trends, conservation status, habitat quality and threats for both species. Populations status and habitat quality varied strongly between M. margaritifera and U. crassus streams, but there was also great variability within each of those groups. The population decline of M. margaritifera has continued, albeit higher proportions of juveniles originating from artificial breeding programmes have been established in some streams. Habitat quality often did not match known requirements as evident from poor stream bed quality, lack of hosts and elevated nutrient levels. In contrast, U. crassus populations showed a better status, with an increase in population size over all sampled streams. Successful recruitment was indicated by high proportions of juveniles. However, no mussels older than 16 years were found, probably due to predation and structural stream maintenance measures. Climate change effects, such as extreme droughts, affected both species. This study demonstrates different needs in conservation management for both species. Although mitigation of drought effects is commonly needed for both species, tackling host fish management and direct threats such as predation should be prioritized in U. crassus, whereas restoration of prime habitat quality and intact catchments is key to enable natural recruitment and sustainable populations of M. margaritifera.

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来源期刊
Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
Aquatic Conservation-Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 环境科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
4.20%
发文量
143
审稿时长
18-36 weeks
期刊介绍: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems is an international journal dedicated to publishing original papers that relate specifically to freshwater, brackish or marine habitats and encouraging work that spans these ecosystems. This journal provides a forum in which all aspects of the conservation of aquatic biological resources can be presented and discussed, enabling greater cooperation and efficiency in solving problems in aquatic resource conservation.
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