妇女个人暴露于不同农村厨房设备中烹饪排放的 PM2.5 多环芳烃衍生物的情况

IF 7.1 1区工程技术 Q1 CONSTRUCTION & BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

Building and Environment Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI:10.1016/j.buildenv.2024.112189

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究调查了印度南部妇女在不同厨房设置中个人暴露于 PM2.5 和相关化学成分（如元素碳、有机碳和 63 种多芳烃化合物）的情况，这些厨房设置分别是：无隔板室内厨房（IKWO）、有隔板室内厨房（IKWP）、家外独立封闭厨房（SEKO）、开放式厨房（OK）和楼梯下开放式厨房（OK_S）。结果发现，OK_S 的 PM2.5 暴露量最高，其次是 IKWP、SEKO、IKWO 和 OK，平均浓度分别为 8943.54 ± 699、6117.80 ± 1732、4257.85 ± 2215、2118.07 ± 524 和 1505.89 ± 431 μg/m3。同样，OK_S 的 PM2.5 多环芳烃（∑PAH63、∑PAH16 和 BaP）含量最高，原因是其面积小、通风差。根据相对效力系数（RPF），除了高分子量的多环芳烃外，还包括硝基多环芳烃和甲基多环芳烃，结果表明 OK_S 型厨房每百万人口终生暴露于多环芳烃的风险最高（400），其次是 IKWO（307）、SEKO（151）、IKWP（149），然后是 OK（7）。此外，研究还表明，生物质燃料的寿命 ECR 是液化石油气的六倍。目前的分析建议完全过渡到液化石油气，并严格避免楼梯下的开放式厨房。因此，这项研究的结果将为改善印度农村住宅的室内环境质量提供有价值的信息。

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Personal exposure of women to PM2.5-bound PAH derivatives from cooking emissions in varied rural kitchen setups

The present study investigates the personal exposure of women to PM_2.5 and associated chemical constituents such as Elemental Carbon, Organic Carbon and 63 Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) compounds in varied kitchen setups viz. Indoor kitchen without partition (IKWO); Indoor kitchen with partition (IKWP); Separate enclosed kitchen outside the home (SEKO); Open kitchen (OK); and Open kitchen under stairway (OK_S) of south India. The exposure to PM_2.5 was found to be highest in OK_S followed by IKWP, SEKO, IKWO and OK with average concentrations of 8943.54 ± 699, 6117.80 ± 1732, 4257.85 ± 2215, 2118.07 ± 524 and 1505.89 ± 431 μg/m³, respectively. Similarly, OK_S had the greatest levels of PM_2.5-bounded PAHs (∑PAH63, ∑PAH16, and BaP) due to their small size and poor ventilation. The lifetime Excess Cancer Risk (ECR) indicated the highest lifetime exposure risk per million population (400) in OK_S type of kitchens followed by IKWO (307), SEKO (151), IKWP (149), and then OK (7) using the relative potency factor (RPF) which includes nitro-PAHs as well as methyl-PAHs apart from PAHs with high molecular weight. Additionally, it was shown that the lifetime ECR of biomass fuel was six times greater than that of LPG. The current analysis recommends a complete transition to LPG and strictly avoiding open kitchens under the staircase. Thus, the findings of this study will provide valuable information to improve the quality of the indoor environment of rural houses in India.

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来源期刊

Building and Environment 工程技术-工程：环境

CiteScore

12.50

自引率

23.00%

发文量

1130

审稿时长

27 days

期刊介绍： Building and Environment, an international journal, is dedicated to publishing original research papers, comprehensive review articles, editorials, and short communications in the fields of building science, urban physics, and human interaction with the indoor and outdoor built environment. The journal emphasizes innovative technologies and knowledge verified through measurement and analysis. It covers environmental performance across various spatial scales, from cities and communities to buildings and systems, fostering collaborative, multi-disciplinary research with broader significance.