Junwei Zhou , Peng Sun , Yuanqing Wang , Yuting Shi , Chaoqun Chen , Wenwen Xiao , Runhui Qiu , Ting Cheng , Liurong Fang , Shaobo Xiao
{"title":"针对人畜共患猪三角花叶病毒(PDCoV)的候选药物的设计和生物学评价","authors":"Junwei Zhou , Peng Sun , Yuanqing Wang , Yuting Shi , Chaoqun Chen , Wenwen Xiao , Runhui Qiu , Ting Cheng , Liurong Fang , Shaobo Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.106019","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging swine enteric coronavirus with zoonotic potential. PDCoV spillovers were recently detected in Haitian children with acute undifferentiated febrile illness, underscoring the urgent need to develop anti-PDCoV therapeutics. Coronavirus 3C-like protease (CoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup>) is essential for viral replication, and therefore provides an attractive target for drugs directed against CoV. Here, we initially evaluated the anti-PDCoV effect of Nirmatrelvir (PF-07321332), an FDA-approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug targeting viral 3CL<sup>pro</sup>. Regrettably, a very limited anti-PDCoV effect was achieved. By analyzing the binding modes of Nirmatrelvir with PDCoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup> and SARS-CoV-2 3CL<sup>pro</sup>, we demonstrated that the S2 pocket of 3CL<sup>pro</sup> is the primary factor underlying the differential inhibitory potency of Nirmatrelvir against different CoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup>s. Based on the specific characteristics of the S2 pocket of PDCoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup>, four derivatives of Nirmatrelvir (compounds T1–T4) with substituted P2 moieties were synthesized. Compound T1, with an isobutyl at the P2 site, displayed improved anti-PDCoV activity <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> (cell infection model) and <em>in</em> <em>vivo</em> (embryonated chicken egg infection model), and therefore is a potential candidate drug to combat PDCoV. Together, our results identify the substrate-binding mode and substrate specificity of PDCoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup>, providing insight into the optimization of Nirmatrelvir as an antiviral therapeutic agent against PDCoV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":8259,"journal":{"name":"Antiviral research","volume":"231 ","pages":"Article 106019"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Design and biological evaluation of candidate drugs against zoonotic porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV)\",\"authors\":\"Junwei Zhou , Peng Sun , Yuanqing Wang , Yuting Shi , Chaoqun Chen , Wenwen Xiao , Runhui Qiu , Ting Cheng , Liurong Fang , Shaobo Xiao\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.106019\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging swine enteric coronavirus with zoonotic potential. PDCoV spillovers were recently detected in Haitian children with acute undifferentiated febrile illness, underscoring the urgent need to develop anti-PDCoV therapeutics. Coronavirus 3C-like protease (CoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup>) is essential for viral replication, and therefore provides an attractive target for drugs directed against CoV. Here, we initially evaluated the anti-PDCoV effect of Nirmatrelvir (PF-07321332), an FDA-approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug targeting viral 3CL<sup>pro</sup>. Regrettably, a very limited anti-PDCoV effect was achieved. By analyzing the binding modes of Nirmatrelvir with PDCoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup> and SARS-CoV-2 3CL<sup>pro</sup>, we demonstrated that the S2 pocket of 3CL<sup>pro</sup> is the primary factor underlying the differential inhibitory potency of Nirmatrelvir against different CoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup>s. Based on the specific characteristics of the S2 pocket of PDCoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup>, four derivatives of Nirmatrelvir (compounds T1–T4) with substituted P2 moieties were synthesized. Compound T1, with an isobutyl at the P2 site, displayed improved anti-PDCoV activity <em>in</em> <em>vitro</em> (cell infection model) and <em>in</em> <em>vivo</em> (embryonated chicken egg infection model), and therefore is a potential candidate drug to combat PDCoV. Together, our results identify the substrate-binding mode and substrate specificity of PDCoV 3CL<sup>pro</sup>, providing insight into the optimization of Nirmatrelvir as an antiviral therapeutic agent against PDCoV.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":8259,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Antiviral research\",\"volume\":\"231 \",\"pages\":\"Article 106019\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-10\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Antiviral research\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354224002286\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Antiviral research","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166354224002286","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"PHARMACOLOGY & PHARMACY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Design and biological evaluation of candidate drugs against zoonotic porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV)
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emerging swine enteric coronavirus with zoonotic potential. PDCoV spillovers were recently detected in Haitian children with acute undifferentiated febrile illness, underscoring the urgent need to develop anti-PDCoV therapeutics. Coronavirus 3C-like protease (CoV 3CLpro) is essential for viral replication, and therefore provides an attractive target for drugs directed against CoV. Here, we initially evaluated the anti-PDCoV effect of Nirmatrelvir (PF-07321332), an FDA-approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 drug targeting viral 3CLpro. Regrettably, a very limited anti-PDCoV effect was achieved. By analyzing the binding modes of Nirmatrelvir with PDCoV 3CLpro and SARS-CoV-2 3CLpro, we demonstrated that the S2 pocket of 3CLpro is the primary factor underlying the differential inhibitory potency of Nirmatrelvir against different CoV 3CLpros. Based on the specific characteristics of the S2 pocket of PDCoV 3CLpro, four derivatives of Nirmatrelvir (compounds T1–T4) with substituted P2 moieties were synthesized. Compound T1, with an isobutyl at the P2 site, displayed improved anti-PDCoV activity invitro (cell infection model) and invivo (embryonated chicken egg infection model), and therefore is a potential candidate drug to combat PDCoV. Together, our results identify the substrate-binding mode and substrate specificity of PDCoV 3CLpro, providing insight into the optimization of Nirmatrelvir as an antiviral therapeutic agent against PDCoV.
期刊介绍:
Antiviral Research is a journal that focuses on various aspects of controlling viral infections in both humans and animals. It is a platform for publishing research reports, short communications, review articles, and commentaries. The journal covers a wide range of topics including antiviral drugs, antibodies, and host-response modifiers. These topics encompass their synthesis, in vitro and in vivo testing, as well as mechanisms of action. Additionally, the journal also publishes studies on the development of new or improved vaccines against viral infections in humans. It delves into assessing the safety of drugs and vaccines, tracking the evolution of drug or vaccine-resistant viruses, and developing effective countermeasures. Another area of interest includes the identification and validation of new drug targets. The journal further explores laboratory animal models of viral diseases, investigates the pathogenesis of viral diseases, and examines the mechanisms by which viruses avoid host immune responses.