Protocolo diagnóstico y terapéutico de la diabetes en el embarazo

This clinical protocol addresses the diagnosis and treatment of diabetes during pregnancy, distinguishing between pregestational diabetes and gestational diabetes (GD). GD occurs when pancreatic beta cell function is insufficient to overcome the inherent insulin resistance of pregnancy. Universal screening is recommended between 24–28 weeks of gestation using two strategies: a one-step strategy (75 g of glucose) or a two-step strategy (50 g of glucose followed by 100 g if the first test is abnormal). Management includes capillary glucose monitoring, diet, and exercise as well as insulin treatment if necessary. Patients should be screened for metabolic abnormalities 4–12 weeks after delivery.