约旦人畜交界处布鲁氏菌属血清学流行率

IF 4.1 2区医学 Q1 INFECTIOUS DISEASES

One Health Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI:10.1016/j.onehlt.2024.100906

Ehab A. Abu-Basha , Zuhair Bani Ismail , Lea Widemann , Yasmin Daradkeh , Omar Al-Omari , Alaa Fahmawi , Mais Lakaideh , Belal Sha'fout , Haia Mellhem , Leen Al-Bayari , Hani Talafha , Zaidoun Hijazeen , Bilal Al-Omari , Jean DeMarco , William B. Karesh

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引用次数: 0

摘要

尽管布鲁氏菌病在中东地区呈地方性流行，但约旦在人类和家畜布鲁氏菌病的流行率、传播率和地理分布方面仍存在重要的知识空白。本研究旨在调查约旦人类和牲畜布鲁氏菌病的血清流行率以及人类布鲁氏菌病的发病率。共有 500 名人类参与者（202 人接触过牲畜，296 人未接触过牲畜）参加了这项研究。在基线和 1.5 年后进行了采样。此外，在基线（样本数 = 350）和 1.5 年的随访（样本数 = 350）期间，每个研究地点共采集了 700 头牲畜的样本，每个类群（骆驼、牛、绵羊、山羊）各 20 头。对人类参与者进行了纵向跟踪，而对牲畜的采样则是随机进行的。在基线和随访期间从人类和牲畜身上采集的血样均采用罗斯孟加拉试验（RBT）和补体固定试验（CFT）进行布鲁氏菌血清抗体检测。人类布鲁氏菌病的总体血清流行率为 3.4 %（95 % CI：2.0-5.4）。所有五个地点都检测到了阳性结果，没有发现明显的地区差异。与不经常接触牲畜的人群（0.80%；95 % CI：0.10-2.9）相比，经常接触牲畜的人群血清阳性率更高（6.1%；95 % CI：3.5-9.9）。人类布鲁氏菌病的发病率为每 10 万人年 924 例血清阳性患者，所有血清阳性患者均出现在接触牲畜的人群中。在牲畜中，布鲁氏菌病的总体血清阳性率在基线时为 5.4%（95 % CI：3.5-8.3），而在随访时为 2.6%（95 % CI：1.4-4.8）。除扎尔卡（Al-Zarqa）外，在其他所有地点都发现了血清阳性牲畜，而且除骆驼外，所有牲畜都呈阳性。总之：经常接触牲畜的人感染布鲁氏菌病的几率更高，这再次强调了在牲畜群体中进行疾病控制以防止人类初次感染的必要性。

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Serological prevalence of Brucella spp. at the livestock-human interface in Jordan

Despite its endemic status in the Middle East, key knowledge gaps persist regarding the prevalence, transmission rate, and geographical distribution of both human and livestock brucellosis in Jordan. This study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of human and livestock brucellosis as well as the incidence of brucellosis in humans in Jordan. A total of 500 human participants (202 exposed and 296 unexposed to livestock) were enrolled in the study. Sampling was conducted at baseline and 1.5 years later. Additionally, a total of 700 livestock were sampled, comprising 20 animals per taxa (camels, cattle, sheep, goats) per site, at both baseline (N = 350) and the 1.5-year follow-up (N = 350). Human participants were longitudinally followed, whereas livestock sampling was conducted opportunistically. Blood samples obtained from both humans and livestock at baseline and follow-up were tested for Brucella spp. serum antibodies using the Rose Bengal test (RBT) and complement fixation test (CFT). The overall seroprevalence of brucellosis in humans at baseline was 3.4 % (95 % CI: 2.0–5.4). Positive test results in humans were detected from all five sites with no significant regional variation observed. Seroprevalence was higher in individuals regularly exposed to livestock (6.1 %; 95 % CI: 3.5–9.9) compared to those not regularly exposed (0.80 %; 95 % CI: 0.10–2.9). Incidence of human brucellosis was 924 seropositives per 100,000 person-years, with all incident seropositives occurring in the livestock-exposed cohort. In livestock, the overall seroprevalence of brucellosis was 5.4 % (95 % CI: 3.5–8.3) at baseline compared to 2.6 % (95 % CI: 1.4–4.8) at follow-up. Seropositive livestock were detected at all sites apart from Al-Zarqa, and in all species apart from camels. In conclusion: Brucellosis burden was higher among humans regularly exposed to livestock, re-emphasizing the need for disease control in livestock populations to prevent primary infection in humans.

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来源期刊

One Health Medicine-Infectious Diseases

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.00%

发文量

审稿时长

18 weeks

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