Simulation of metal fatigue crack analysis based on thermal environment numerical analysis in street metal sculpture design process

With the popularity of urban public art, metal materials are easily affected by environmental factors in practical applications, especially the influence of thermal environment on metal fatigue, which often leads to cracks in sculptures, affecting their service life and safety. Through the numerical analysis of thermal environment, the fatigue crack generation mechanism of street metal sculpture in the process of use is deeply discussed in order to provide theoretical support and practical guidance for sculpture design. The finite element analysis method is used to simulate the stress distribution of metal sculpture under different thermal conditions. By setting a variety of conditions such as ambient temperature and humidity, the corresponding thermodynamic model is established, and the fatigue properties of metal materials are evaluated comprehensively. The numerical model is calibrated with experimental data to improve the accuracy of the simulation. It is found that the change of thermal environment significantly affects the internal stress distribution of metal sculpture, and then affects the generation of fatigue cracks. At high temperature, the fatigue limit of the material is reduced, which leads to more cracks. Under the condition of sudden temperature change, the stress concentration of the material is more obvious, and the fatigue life of the metal is significantly shortened.