自由生活的腹部肥胖人群每天摄入牛油果对食物和营养素替代的影响

IF 3.8 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS

Current Developments in Nutrition Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.cdnut.2024.104451

Abigail E Clarke , Kristie S LeBeau , Keiji Oda , Gina Segovia-Siapco , Michael Paalani , David M Reboussin , Alice H Lichtenstein , Sujatha Rajaram , Joan Sabaté

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景牛油果的摄入与膳食质量的改善有关。本二次分析利用习惯饮食和牛油果试验的饮食数据进行，旨在评估牛油果补充饮食（AD）组与习惯饮食（HD）组相比，每天摄入一个大牛油果（168 克，281 千卡）对食物和营养素 D 的影响。方法利用在 6 个月干预期间进行的 3 次突击电话 24 小时膳食回收数据，评估了 898 名参与者的食物摄入数据，这些参与者的年龄在 25-87 岁之间，体重指数范围为 20.5-60.3 kg/m2。结果AD组每日摄入的能量（159 ± 575 kcal）（P < 0.001）、钾（3193 ± 817 毫克，2419 ± 843 毫克）（P < 0.005）、纤维（30 ± 8 克，19 ± 9 克）（P < 0.05），与 HD 组相比，动物蛋白的每日摄入量较低（49 ± 33 克，55 ± 24 克）（P = 0.02）。在能量（43%）、总脂肪（23%）和碳水化合物（87%）方面，观察到牛油果的部分 D，表明急性营养不良组从非牛油果来源摄入的这些营养素较少。食物组分析表明，AD 组从红肉、加工肉类、家禽和鱼类中摄入的动物源性蛋白质较少，而乳制品和鸡蛋的摄入量在各组之间没有观察到显著差异。结论每天摄入 1 个牛油果会使参与者的膳食结构发生有利的改变，包括增加钾和纤维的摄入量，从而改善膳食质量。本试验已在 https://clinicaltrials.gov 注册，编号为 NCT03528031。

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The Effect of Daily Avocado Intake on Food and Nutrient Displacement in a Free-Living Population with Abdominal Obesity

Background

Avocado intake has been associated with improvements in diet quality. Whether this response is because of avocado intake, per se, or combined with a food and/or nutrient displacement (D) has yet to be determined.

Objectives

This secondary analysis, conducted using dietary data from the Habitual Diet and Avocado Trial, sought to assess the effect of consuming a large avocado (168 g, 281 kcal) daily in the avocado-supplemented diet (AD) group compared with the habitual diet (HD) group on food and nutrient D.

Methods

Using data from 3 unannounced telephone 24-h dietary recalls conducted during the 6-mo intervention period, food intake data were evaluated for 898 participants, aged 25–87 y, and a BMI range of 20.5–60.3 kg/m². The food group distribution, energy, and nutrient intake of the AD group (n = 436) were calculated and compared with those of the HD group (n = 462).

Results

The AD group had a higher daily intake of energy (159 ± 575 kcal) (P < 0.001), potassium (3193 ± 817 mg compared with 2419 ± 843 mg) (P < 0.005), fiber (30 ± 8 g compared with 19 ± 9 g) (P < 0.05), and a lower daily intake of animal protein (49 ± 33 g compared with 55 ± 24 g) (P = 0.02) compared with the HD group. Partial D with an avocado was observed for energy (43%), total fat (23%), and carbohydrate (87%), indicating a lower intake of these nutrients from non-avocado sources in the AD group. Food group analysis revealed a lower consumption of animal-derived protein from red meat, processed meats, poultry, and fish in the AD group, with no significant differences observed in dairy and egg intake between groups.

Conclusions

Incorporating 1 avocado daily led to favorable modifications in the dietary composition of participants, including an increase in potassium and fiber intake, which can improve diet quality.

This trial was registered at https://clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03528031.

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