探索多重压力因素对文化和生态价值的影响:新西兰奥特亚罗瓦 Te Rerenga Parāoa(Whangārei 港)案例研究

IF 4.8 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY
D.M. Parsons , T. Shirkey , J. Chetham , D. Milner , R.H. Bulmer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

河口系统由于面临多种相互影响的压力因素,其生态和功能往往会退化。传统的管理方法可能会以狭隘的关注点来应对这种情况,而基于生态系统的管理方法则提供了一种更加全面和适应性更强的选择,允许实现多种目标和价值。这种方法与新西兰土著毛利人的方法有一定的共性,毛利人的愿望是整体的、相互关联的和世代相传的。在这项研究中,我们以新西兰奥特亚罗瓦省旺加雷港的 Te-Rerenga-Parāoa 为案例,探索生态和毛利知识体系与方法如何结合,以应对河口系统常见的复杂的多压力和多价值情况。为此,我们共同开发了贝叶斯网络启发式建模工具,该工具提供了一个概率框架,用于考虑压力因素与生态功能和文化价值结果状态之间的关系。模型开发过程本身就是一次有益的共同学习。例如,这一过程表明,西方的生态价值可能侧重于丰度等终点,而文化价值则更加多样化,具有体验性,其价值往往集中在文化实践的实现上,而不仅仅是价值所涉及的生态部分。模型开发完成后,我们考虑了与港口疏浚、土地使用变化造成的环境退化和渔业开采有关的三种具体情景。模型对这些情景的预测总体上符合预期,但在本质上是通用的,因此可以从与空间尺度和文化阐释相关的背景等方面更具体的预测中获益。总体而言,该模型作为一种互动式教育工具,对资源管理者考虑重大社会挑战的更广泛影响(对生态和文化价值的影响)具有通用性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Exploring the impact of multiple stressors on cultural and ecological values: A case study from Te Rerenga Parāoa (Whangārei Harbour), Aotearoa New Zealand
Estuarine systems often have degraded ecology and functioning due to the multiple interacting stressors that they face. While conventional management might address such a situation with narrow focus, ecosystem based management provides a more holistic and adaptive option allowing for multiple objectives and values. Such an approach has some commonality with that of the Indigenous Māori of New Zealand, who have holistic, interconnected and intergenerational aspirations. In this study we utilised Te-Rerenga-Parāoa, Whangārei Harbour, Aotearoa New Zealand as a case study to explore how ecological and Māori knowledge systems and approaches may align to address complex multi-stressor and multi-value scenarios common to estuarine systems. To achieve this we co-developed a Bayesian network heuristic modelling tool which provided a probabilistic framework to consider the relationship between stressors and the outcome states for ecological function and cultural values. The process of model development itself was a rewarding exercise of joint learning. For example, this process illustrated that while western ecological values can focus on endpoints such as abundance, cultural values were more diverse, experiential in nature, with value often centred on a cultural practise being enabled, not just the ecological component the value was connected to. Once the model was developed we considered three specific scenarios relating to harbour dredging, environmental degradation from land use changes, and fishery extraction. Model predictions for these scenarios generally matched expectations, but were generic in nature and could therefore benefit from more specificity relating to aspects such as spatial scale and context around cultural interpretation. Overall, the model demonstrated generic utility as an interactive educational tool for resource managers considering the broader impacts (on ecology and cultural values) of major societal challenges.
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来源期刊
Ocean & Coastal Management
Ocean & Coastal Management 环境科学-海洋学
CiteScore
8.50
自引率
15.20%
发文量
321
审稿时长
60 days
期刊介绍: Ocean & Coastal Management is the leading international journal dedicated to the study of all aspects of ocean and coastal management from the global to local levels. We publish rigorously peer-reviewed manuscripts from all disciplines, and inter-/trans-disciplinary and co-designed research, but all submissions must make clear the relevance to management and/or governance issues relevant to the sustainable development and conservation of oceans and coasts. Comparative studies (from sub-national to trans-national cases, and other management / policy arenas) are encouraged, as are studies that critically assess current management practices and governance approaches. Submissions involving robust analysis, development of theory, and improvement of management practice are especially welcome.
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