{"title":"东南亚雨林在冰河时期向巽他大陆架扩展的过程中丧失了生物多样性","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104597","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The capability of tropical forest to recover from extensive land-use remains a matter of debate, despite its importance for guiding conservation and restoration policies. This is especially the case for Southeast Asia. Fortunately, the Sunda Shelf was extensively exposed during the Last Glacial Maximum sea-level lowstand, providing a unique window to study the long-term and landscape-scale development of tropical forest in new accommodation spaces that may be analogous to those emerge after the cessation of human activities. Here we conduct pollen analyses on three sediment cores from the southern South China Sea – two located in front of the Sunda Shelf paleo-river mouths and one close to the northern Borneo – in order to evaluate the similarity/difference between the “primary” and “secondary” tropical forest of Southeast Asia. The assemblages of major pollen taxa and the life-form composition of identified plant types are found to be quite similar among the sites, indicating that well-structured rainforest should have expanded to the Sunda Shelf despite the sandy and potentially saline, nutrient-poor soils. The plant biodiversity, however, was obviously lower on the Sunda Shelf than on Borneo as inferred from the pollen richness. This indicates a loss of biodiversity during large-scale range expansions. Our findings suggest the potential of reforestation in the lowlands of Southeast Asia, but unfortunately the incapability of restoring biodiversity to pre-disturbance levels through natural regeneration alone. Moreover, the old forests in the mountainous northern Borneo appears to be irreplaceable and thus a priority of conservation efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55089,"journal":{"name":"Global and Planetary Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Southeast Asian rainforest lost biodiversity during the range expansion to ice-age Sunda Shelf\",\"authors\":\"\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.gloplacha.2024.104597\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><div>The capability of tropical forest to recover from extensive land-use remains a matter of debate, despite its importance for guiding conservation and restoration policies. This is especially the case for Southeast Asia. Fortunately, the Sunda Shelf was extensively exposed during the Last Glacial Maximum sea-level lowstand, providing a unique window to study the long-term and landscape-scale development of tropical forest in new accommodation spaces that may be analogous to those emerge after the cessation of human activities. Here we conduct pollen analyses on three sediment cores from the southern South China Sea – two located in front of the Sunda Shelf paleo-river mouths and one close to the northern Borneo – in order to evaluate the similarity/difference between the “primary” and “secondary” tropical forest of Southeast Asia. The assemblages of major pollen taxa and the life-form composition of identified plant types are found to be quite similar among the sites, indicating that well-structured rainforest should have expanded to the Sunda Shelf despite the sandy and potentially saline, nutrient-poor soils. The plant biodiversity, however, was obviously lower on the Sunda Shelf than on Borneo as inferred from the pollen richness. This indicates a loss of biodiversity during large-scale range expansions. Our findings suggest the potential of reforestation in the lowlands of Southeast Asia, but unfortunately the incapability of restoring biodiversity to pre-disturbance levels through natural regeneration alone. Moreover, the old forests in the mountainous northern Borneo appears to be irreplaceable and thus a priority of conservation efforts.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":55089,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Global and Planetary Change\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-10-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Global and Planetary Change\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818124002443\",\"RegionNum\":1,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Global and Planetary Change","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818124002443","RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL","Score":null,"Total":0}
Southeast Asian rainforest lost biodiversity during the range expansion to ice-age Sunda Shelf
The capability of tropical forest to recover from extensive land-use remains a matter of debate, despite its importance for guiding conservation and restoration policies. This is especially the case for Southeast Asia. Fortunately, the Sunda Shelf was extensively exposed during the Last Glacial Maximum sea-level lowstand, providing a unique window to study the long-term and landscape-scale development of tropical forest in new accommodation spaces that may be analogous to those emerge after the cessation of human activities. Here we conduct pollen analyses on three sediment cores from the southern South China Sea – two located in front of the Sunda Shelf paleo-river mouths and one close to the northern Borneo – in order to evaluate the similarity/difference between the “primary” and “secondary” tropical forest of Southeast Asia. The assemblages of major pollen taxa and the life-form composition of identified plant types are found to be quite similar among the sites, indicating that well-structured rainforest should have expanded to the Sunda Shelf despite the sandy and potentially saline, nutrient-poor soils. The plant biodiversity, however, was obviously lower on the Sunda Shelf than on Borneo as inferred from the pollen richness. This indicates a loss of biodiversity during large-scale range expansions. Our findings suggest the potential of reforestation in the lowlands of Southeast Asia, but unfortunately the incapability of restoring biodiversity to pre-disturbance levels through natural regeneration alone. Moreover, the old forests in the mountainous northern Borneo appears to be irreplaceable and thus a priority of conservation efforts.
期刊介绍:
The objective of the journal Global and Planetary Change is to provide a multi-disciplinary overview of the processes taking place in the Earth System and involved in planetary change over time. The journal focuses on records of the past and current state of the earth system, and future scenarios , and their link to global environmental change. Regional or process-oriented studies are welcome if they discuss global implications. Topics include, but are not limited to, changes in the dynamics and composition of the atmosphere, oceans and cryosphere, as well as climate change, sea level variation, observations/modelling of Earth processes from deep to (near-)surface and their coupling, global ecology, biogeography and the resilience/thresholds in ecosystems.
Key criteria for the consideration of manuscripts are (a) the relevance for the global scientific community and/or (b) the wider implications for global scale problems, preferably combined with (c) having a significance beyond a single discipline. A clear focus on key processes associated with planetary scale change is strongly encouraged.
Manuscripts can be submitted as either research contributions or as a review article. Every effort should be made towards the presentation of research outcomes in an understandable way for a broad readership.