评估以色列老年人对疫苗的看法：COVID-19 和流感疫苗接种态度比较研究

IF 2.7 Q3 IMMUNOLOGY

Vaccine: X Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI:10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100569

Odai Abu Aid , Hanan Rohana , Maya Azrad , Avi Peretz

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本研究旨在评估以色列老年人群对 COVID-19 和流感疫苗的态度，并评估导致这些态度的因素。住院病人在出院时也填写了第二份问卷。采集鼻咽部样本，并通过反转录 PCR 检测是否存在 COVID-19 和流感病毒。结果在 401 名参与者中，11.2%（45/401）对 COVID-19 检测呈阳性，10.5%（42/401）对甲型流感检测呈阳性，1 名（0.2%）患者患有乙型流感：14.7%（59/401）的人同意疫苗会致病，25.4%（102/401）的人怀疑疫苗的有效性，22.9%（92/401）的人质疑疫苗的安全性。与反疫苗组（45.3%，24/53）和依赖疫苗组（60.3%，47/78）相比，支持疫苗组（66.3%，179/270）中有 COVID-19 接种史的人数比例更高。19.7%（79/401）的参与者怀疑流感疫苗的有效性，18%（72/401）的参与者质疑疫苗的安全性，18.7%（75/401）的参与者同意疫苗会导致疾病。依赖疫苗组（54.2%，13/24）和支持疫苗组（56.2%，167/297）中的大多数人认为他们获得了足够的疫苗信息，而反疫苗组中只有 25%（20/80）的人有类似的印象。这些发现强调，有必要采取因地制宜的方法来提高这一弱势群体对疫苗的接受度。这些策略应考虑影响老年人观点的各种动机和影响因素，从个人健康经历到更广泛的社会和文化因素。

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Evaluation of vaccine perceptions in Israel’s Elderly: A Comparative study of COVID-19 and influenza vaccination attitudes

Purpose

This study aimed to evaluate the attitudes of Israeli elderly population towards COVID-19 and influenza vaccines, and to assess factors contributing to these attitudes.

Methods

Four-hundred and one participants exhibiting symptoms consistent with COVID-19 or influenza were enrolled and filled out a questionnaire. A second questionnaire was filled out for hospitalized patients at discharge. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected and detected for COVID-19 and influenza presence by reverse transcription PCR. Participants were divided into 3 groups according to their attitude towards vaccine- Pro-vaccine, Anti-vaccine and Dependent group, which represented participants whose stance depended on disease infection rate.

Results

Out of 401 participants, 11.2% (45/401) tested positive for COVID-19, 10.5% (42/401) were positive for Influenza A and one (0.2%) patient had Influenza B. The participants expressed varied beliefs about COVID-19 vaccine: 14.7% (59/401) agreed that it causes disease, 25.4% (102/401) doubted vaccine effectiveness and 22.9% (92/401) questioned vaccine safety. A higher percentage of individuals in Pro-Vaccine group (66.3%, 179/270) as compared to Anti-Vaccine (45.3%, 24/53) and to Dependent (60.3%, 47/78) groups had a COVID-19 history. Hospitalization history was significantly more common in Pro-Vaccine (11.1%, 30/270) and Dependent groups (16.7%, 13/78) than in Anti-Vaccine group (1.9%, 1/53).

Influenza vaccine effectiveness was doubted by 19.7% (79/401), 18% (72/401) participants questioned safety, and 18.7% (75/401) agreed that the vaccine causes disease. The majority of both Dependent (54.2%, 13/24) and Pro-Vaccine (56.2%, 167/297) groups believed they received sufficient information about the vaccine, while only 25% (20/80) of the Anti-Vaccine group has similar impressions.

Conclusions

This analysis reveals a notable disinclination towards vaccination among some of the elderly, reflecting their deep and ingrained hesitancy. These findings emphasize the need for customized approaches to improve vaccine acceptance in this vulnerable group. Such strategies should consider the various motivations and influences shaping elderly perspectives, from individual health experiences to wider social and cultural factors.

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来源期刊

Vaccine: X Multiple-

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

2.60%

发文量

102

审稿时长

13 weeks