不同耕作制度中矿物结合磷的解吸以及促进高效投入利用的农艺策略

IF 4.8 2区 农林科学 Q1 SOIL SCIENCE
Juan Pablo Almeida , Dries Roobroeck , Linda-Maria Dimitrova Mårtensson , Pedro Rosero , Geoffrey Kimutai , Thomas Kätterer , Håkan Wallander
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引用次数: 0

摘要

磷(P)是各种农业生态系统生产中的限制性养分,许多土壤中含有大量的遗留磷,这些磷被强烈吸附在铁(Fe)和铝氧化物上,因此植物很难利用。在此,我们研究了不同种植系统中矿物结合钾的移动量以及农艺措施对这一过程的影响。我们在以下作物的表层土中培养了装有沙子和钾饱和鹅卵石混合物的根系生长芯:1)瑞典的甜菜,在充足的钾饱和条件下:1)瑞典的甜菜,钾含量充足或不足;2)瑞典的多年生苜蓿(Thinopyrum intermedium),单作或与苜蓿间作,有机管理,与一年生冬小麦对比,无机施肥;3)肯尼亚的大豆,在固氮土壤中生长,施肥或不施肥,添加生物炭。经过一个生长季节后,根据留在鹅卵石中的钾量及其与铁的比例对解吸附进行了评估。通过分析从岩心收集的砂-鹅卵石混合物中的磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)和中性脂脂肪酸(NLFA)生物标志物,探讨了钾的解吸率与丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)数量之间可能存在的关系。在单作或与紫花苜蓿间作的 Kernza 和冬小麦中均未观察到解吸 P 的现象。大豆在所有养分制度下都有很强的解吸能力,但在不施肥的情况下解吸能力明显更强。这些结果表明,降低钾的施用量和促进作物与 AMF 的结合是调动遗留钾的可行途径,有助于更有效地利用养分投入。与此同时,耕作制度和土壤条件对潜在的钾解吸作用具有压倒性影响,因此在实施过程中必须仔细考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Desorption of mineral-bound phosphorus across different cropping systems and agronomic strategies to promote efficient input use
Phosphorus (P) is a limiting nutrient to production in various agricultural ecosystems and many soils contain large amounts of legacy P that is strongly adsorbed on iron (Fe) and aluminum oxides and therefore poorly available to plants. Here we investigate how much mineral-bound P is mobilized in different cropping systems and the influence of agronomic practices on this process. Root ingrowth cores filled with a mix of sand and P-saturated goethite were incubated in the topsoil of: 1) sugar beet in Sweden under sufficient or deficient P additions, 2) perennial Kernza (Thinopyrum intermedium) in Sweden as monoculture or intercropped with Alfalfa with organic management, contrasted to annual winter wheat with inorganic fertilization, and 3) soybean grown in a P-fixing soil in Kenya with or without fertilizer and biochar addition. After one growing season, desorption was evaluated based on the amount of P that remained in the goethite and its ratio with Fe. Possible relationships between the rate of P desorption and abundance of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) were explored by profiling phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and neutral lipid fatty acid (NLFA) biomarkers in the sand-goethite mixture collected from the cores.
Significant P desorption was found in the rhizosphere of sugar beets under deficient P supply but not in bulk sand-goethite mixture. No P desorption was observed in Kernza as monocrop or intercropped with alfalfa, nor winter wheat. Soybeans had a strong ability to desorb P under all nutrient regimes but significantly more when no fertilizer was applied. In the soybean experiment a significant positive relationship was found between P removal rates and abundance of AMF.
These results indicate that strategies for downregulating P application rates and promoting crop-AMF association can be a viable avenue to mobilize legacy P and help make more efficient use of nutrient inputs. At the same time, cropping systems and soil conditions have an overriding influence on the potential P desorption and must therefore be carefully considered during implementation.
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来源期刊
Applied Soil Ecology
Applied Soil Ecology 农林科学-土壤科学
CiteScore
9.70
自引率
4.20%
发文量
363
审稿时长
5.3 months
期刊介绍: Applied Soil Ecology addresses the role of soil organisms and their interactions in relation to: sustainability and productivity, nutrient cycling and other soil processes, the maintenance of soil functions, the impact of human activities on soil ecosystems and bio(techno)logical control of soil-inhabiting pests, diseases and weeds.
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