Axial kinematic response of an end-bearing pile subjected to seismic P-wave excitation in a double-layered soil

This paper presents an analytical solution for the axial kinematic response of an end-bearing pile under seismic P-wave excitation in a double-layered soil. The motions of the pile and adjacent soil layers are determined using the derived series solution. The seismic wave scattering effect caused by the combined action of the soil layers and pile foundations is accounted for. To validate the accuracy of the derived solution, the kinematic responses obtained from the proposed analytical solution are compared with the results from an existing solution for a pile in a single soil layer. The validated solution is then utilized to conduct a parametric study to investigate the impacts of the modulus and thickness ratios between the two soil layers on response characteristics. These characteristics include the kinematic response factor, amplification factor, frictional force exerted on the pile body, pile displacement with depth, and motion of soil around the pile.