Incidence and clinical impact of inappropriate periprocedural and perioperative management of antiplatelet therapy

Background and aims

There is little evidence on the impact of current recommendations on the use of antiplatelet therapy during the perioperative and periprocedural period in our setting. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence and clinical impact of inappropriate use of antiplatelet therapy in a population of patients undergoing surgery or a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure in “real life” in Spain.

Methods

A prospective multicenter observational study of patients treated with antiplatelet agents requiring intervention was conducted. The incidence of thrombotic and hemorrhagic events at 30 days was analyzed according to peri-intervention management of antiplatelet therapy.

Results

We included 643 patients (31.9% women, 39.0% over 75 years of age), most of them (87.7%) receiving aspirin as antiplatelet therapy at a dose of 100 mg/day. Indications for antiplatelet therapy were ischemic heart disease (44.9%), cerebrovascular disease (21.7%), and peripheral vascular disease (23.0%). Ischemic risk was low in 74.3%, while 51.6% had a low bleeding risk of the intervention. Periprocedural management was considered appropriate in 61.7% of cases. 30-day incidence of the combined primary endpoint of thrombotic events and major bleeding (12.1% versus 5.0%; p = 0.002) and 30-day mortality (5.2% versus 1.5%; p = 0.008) were significantly higher in patients with inappropriate periprocedural management of antiplatelet agents.

Conclusions

Despite current recommendations for the use of antiplatelet drugs in the perioperative/periprocedural period, their implementation in the “real world” remains low. Inappropriate use is associated with an increased incidence of adverse events, both thrombotic and hemorrhagic.