Computational investigations of nanofluid blood flow in stenosed artery with effects of inflammation and viscous dissipation via finite element method

In this study, we investigate the problem of blood flow through an artery with stenosis, focusing on the effects of inflammation. The flow profile is assumed to be parabolic, and both inflamed and non-inflamed states of stenosis are considered. The governing dimensionless equations are solved using the finite element method. Flow structures and temperature distributions are illustrated using streamlines and isothermal lines. The local Nusselt number is analyzed to understand its significance. The primary objective of this research is to analyze the behavior of nanofluid in blood flow and the associated heat transfer characteristics within an artery, both in the presence and absence of inflamed stenosis. This analysis will take into account the effects of inflammation and viscous dissipation. The finding reveals that the highest temperature gradient is obtained at the stenosis peak. The Re affects the velocity field and increases the kinetic energy. Results show that flow symmetry breaks when stenosis positions are changed. It is found that the Nusselt number is the increasing function of nanoparticle concentration, stenosis peak, viscous dissipation, and Reynolds number.