Fuzzy logic-based intelligent energy management framework for hybrid PV-wind-battery system: A case study of commercial building in Malaysia

A conventional way of generating electricity that relies on the combustion of fossil fuel brings negative consequences such as oil depletion and global warming. Hence, renewable energies (REs), including solar/photovoltaic (PV), wind energy, tidal wave, fuel cells, etc. are emerging rapidly throughout the world due to overcoming the challenges above. Typically, for a standalone system or grid-connected system, single RE is not very prominent due to unpredictable weather conditions, intermittency, and inconsistency. Hence, multiple REs are preferred to avoid energy interruption to end-consumers. In this research, a grid-connected system, which hybridizes PV and wind and integrates battery storage is proposed and developed. In that case, a proper energy management system is essential to ensure that the energy flow is under control and within the accepted tolerances. Recently, there have been limited studies conducted on the energy management framework of hybrid systems in Johor Malaysia. Therefore, an intelligent framework for energy management is designed and developed using fuzzy logic to assure the optimal performance of the developed hybrid system in Johor Malaysia. The fuzzy logic controller is designed for managing the power flow between the hybrid system and utility grid, to ensure the load is being supplied continuously. The proposed energy management framework is verified with the simulated load demand and load demand data of one commercial building of FKE, UTM Johor Bahru. The obtained result shows good performance and stability. The varying load demand of the commercial buildings is fulfilled although under intermittent solar and wind resources. The power is consumed from the utility grid when insufficient power is generated. While the surplus power generated is fed to the utility grid. As a result, the power balance among the hybrid system, load, and utility grid is accomplished. Hence, it is verified that the proposed intelligent energy management framework is feasible to be implemented in commercial buildings in Johor Bahru, Malaysia.