Tizita Yosef MD , Wondwossen Ergete MD , Rishab R. Revankar BS , Heli A. Patel BS , Tsegaye Hailu Kumsa MSc , Vishal A. Patel MD , Selfu Girma MSc , Benjamin K. Stoff MD, MA
{"title":"埃塞俄比亚亚的斯亚贝巴全非麻风病、结核病和康复培训中心（ALERT）2011 年至 2021 年皮肤鳞状细胞癌的流行趋势","authors":"Tizita Yosef MD , Wondwossen Ergete MD , Rishab R. Revankar BS , Heli A. Patel BS , Tsegaye Hailu Kumsa MSc , Vishal A. Patel MD , Selfu Girma MSc , Benjamin K. Stoff MD, MA","doi":"10.1016/j.jdin.2024.07.014","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common keratinocyte carcinoma in dark-skinned ethnic groups. Available studies are primarily focused on white populations, with fewer data available for black Africans, including Ethiopians. Therefore, less priority may be given to treatment and prevention in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the prevalence and risk factors of cSCC among patients presenting to All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Rehabilitation Training Center , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature review was performed to determine existing knowledge. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was then conducted based on stored data of confirmed cases of cSCC from 2011 to 2021 at ALERT. Demographics, other parameters related to cSCC (size, anatomic location, degree of differentiation, metastasis, and recurrence), and potential risk factors including scars, burns, HIV status, xeroderma pigmentosum, and leprosy were collected and entered on a prepared data extraction sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 25 manufactured by IBM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 15,075 total pathologic samples reviewed, 3.8% (<em>n</em> = 570) were reported histopathologically as invasive cSCC (<em>n</em> = 437), keratoacanthoma, or (squamous cell carcinoma in-situ (Bowen disease). 50.3% (<em>n</em> = 287) occurred in female, and the mean age of affected patients was 50.1 years (SD 17.2). Nearly 70% were reported after >1 year of symptoms, including morphologic change, ulceration, and nonhealing wound. HIV status was not universally screened but was positive in 9.8% (46/437). Cases were commonly found to occur on the lower extremities (X<sup>2</sup> = 2.7196, Pr = 0.099) and >4 cm in size (46.3%). Among 274 cases with adequate histologic description, 82.5% (<em>n</em> = 226) were well-differentiated. Loco-regional metastases comprised 6.0% (<em>n</em> = 34) and 46.7% (<em>n</em> = 266) had ulceration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The biologic significance of ulceration in this population is unclear. Ulceration may indicate chronic wounds or Marjolin’s ulcers. High rates of metastasis call for a better understanding of risk factors, preventive measures, and early diagnosis. This model of research may serve as a foundation for future nationwide investigations through the Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia’s Disease Prevention and Control Directorate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34410,"journal":{"name":"JAAD International","volume":"17 ","pages":"Pages 99-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Epidemiologic trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma from 2011 to 2021 at All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Rehabilitation Training Center (ALERT) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia\",\"authors\":\"Tizita Yosef MD , Wondwossen Ergete MD , Rishab R. Revankar BS , Heli A. Patel BS , Tsegaye Hailu Kumsa MSc , Vishal A. Patel MD , Selfu Girma MSc , Benjamin K. Stoff MD, MA\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jdin.2024.07.014\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common keratinocyte carcinoma in dark-skinned ethnic groups. Available studies are primarily focused on white populations, with fewer data available for black Africans, including Ethiopians. Therefore, less priority may be given to treatment and prevention in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the prevalence and risk factors of cSCC among patients presenting to All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Rehabilitation Training Center , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A literature review was performed to determine existing knowledge. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was then conducted based on stored data of confirmed cases of cSCC from 2011 to 2021 at ALERT. Demographics, other parameters related to cSCC (size, anatomic location, degree of differentiation, metastasis, and recurrence), and potential risk factors including scars, burns, HIV status, xeroderma pigmentosum, and leprosy were collected and entered on a prepared data extraction sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 25 manufactured by IBM.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 15,075 total pathologic samples reviewed, 3.8% (<em>n</em> = 570) were reported histopathologically as invasive cSCC (<em>n</em> = 437), keratoacanthoma, or (squamous cell carcinoma in-situ (Bowen disease). 50.3% (<em>n</em> = 287) occurred in female, and the mean age of affected patients was 50.1 years (SD 17.2). Nearly 70% were reported after >1 year of symptoms, including morphologic change, ulceration, and nonhealing wound. HIV status was not universally screened but was positive in 9.8% (46/437). Cases were commonly found to occur on the lower extremities (X<sup>2</sup> = 2.7196, Pr = 0.099) and >4 cm in size (46.3%). Among 274 cases with adequate histologic description, 82.5% (<em>n</em> = 226) were well-differentiated. Loco-regional metastases comprised 6.0% (<em>n</em> = 34) and 46.7% (<em>n</em> = 266) had ulceration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The biologic significance of ulceration in this population is unclear. Ulceration may indicate chronic wounds or Marjolin’s ulcers. High rates of metastasis call for a better understanding of risk factors, preventive measures, and early diagnosis. This model of research may serve as a foundation for future nationwide investigations through the Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia’s Disease Prevention and Control Directorate.</div></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":34410,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"JAAD International\",\"volume\":\"17 \",\"pages\":\"Pages 99-103\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.0000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-08-22\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"JAAD International\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666328724001147\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"\",\"JCRName\":\"\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"JAAD International","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666328724001147","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
Epidemiologic trends in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma from 2011 to 2021 at All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Rehabilitation Training Center (ALERT) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Background
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common keratinocyte carcinoma in dark-skinned ethnic groups. Available studies are primarily focused on white populations, with fewer data available for black Africans, including Ethiopians. Therefore, less priority may be given to treatment and prevention in this population.
Objective
To determine the prevalence and risk factors of cSCC among patients presenting to All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis, and Rehabilitation Training Center , Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Methods
A literature review was performed to determine existing knowledge. A retrospective descriptive cross-sectional study was then conducted based on stored data of confirmed cases of cSCC from 2011 to 2021 at ALERT. Demographics, other parameters related to cSCC (size, anatomic location, degree of differentiation, metastasis, and recurrence), and potential risk factors including scars, burns, HIV status, xeroderma pigmentosum, and leprosy were collected and entered on a prepared data extraction sheet and analyzed using SPSS version 25 manufactured by IBM.
Results
Among 15,075 total pathologic samples reviewed, 3.8% (n = 570) were reported histopathologically as invasive cSCC (n = 437), keratoacanthoma, or (squamous cell carcinoma in-situ (Bowen disease). 50.3% (n = 287) occurred in female, and the mean age of affected patients was 50.1 years (SD 17.2). Nearly 70% were reported after >1 year of symptoms, including morphologic change, ulceration, and nonhealing wound. HIV status was not universally screened but was positive in 9.8% (46/437). Cases were commonly found to occur on the lower extremities (X2 = 2.7196, Pr = 0.099) and >4 cm in size (46.3%). Among 274 cases with adequate histologic description, 82.5% (n = 226) were well-differentiated. Loco-regional metastases comprised 6.0% (n = 34) and 46.7% (n = 266) had ulceration.
Conclusion
The biologic significance of ulceration in this population is unclear. Ulceration may indicate chronic wounds or Marjolin’s ulcers. High rates of metastasis call for a better understanding of risk factors, preventive measures, and early diagnosis. This model of research may serve as a foundation for future nationwide investigations through the Federal Ministry of Health of Ethiopia’s Disease Prevention and Control Directorate.
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