Simulation of cells mechanical responses during perfusion culture in Voronoi-lattice scaffolds using multiphase FSI model

During perfusion culture, the growth of bone tissues in the scaffold was closely related to the locations of initial adhered cells and their density. In this study, the fluid mechanical responses of Voronoi-lattice scaffolds and initial adhered cells on scaffolds were quantitatively investigated. Multiphase fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model was verified by comparing with the results of Diamond scaffolds culture in the literature. Fluid mechanical responses of Voronoi-lattice scaffolds and cells were analyzed by multiphase FSI model. Regression equations were established by response surface method (RSM) to determine relationships between structural design factors of Voronoi-lattice scaffolds and fluid mechanical response parameters of scaffolds and cells. The results showed that the percentage of adhered cells and the locations of initial adhered cells obtained by multiphase FSI model of Diamond scaffolds had the same trend with that obtained by perfusion culture. Regression equations established based on RSM could well predict the fluid mechanical response parameters of Voronoi-scaffolds and cells. The multiphase FSI model closely related the densities of cells and the locations of adhered cells to bone tissue growth. The model could provide a certain theoretical basis for constructing and culturing engineered bone tissues in vitro perfusion.