量化人工智能在科学研究中的应用和潜在效益

IF 21.4 1区 心理学 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES
Jian Gao, Dashun Wang
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人工智能(AI)的飞速发展将重塑几乎所有的工作领域。尽管我们为了解人工智能对经济的影响付出了巨大努力,但我们对与使用人工智能相关的科研收益却缺乏系统的了解。在此,我们开发了一个测量框架,用于估算人工智能的直接使用和相关科学效益。我们发现,人工智能的使用和效益似乎在整个科学领域都很普遍,自 2015 年以来增长尤为迅速。然而,人工智能教育与其在研究中的应用之间存在巨大差距,凸显了人工智能专业人才供需之间的错位。我们的分析还揭示了人口结构上的差异,女性或黑人科学家比例较高的学科从人工智能中获得的好处较少,这可能会加剧科学界现有的不平等现象。这些发现对研究事业的公平性和可持续性具有影响,尤其是随着人工智能与科学的结合不断深化。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Quantifying the use and potential benefits of artificial intelligence in scientific research

Quantifying the use and potential benefits of artificial intelligence in scientific research

Quantifying the use and potential benefits of artificial intelligence in scientific research
The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is poised to reshape almost every line of work. Despite enormous efforts devoted to understanding AI’s economic impacts, we lack a systematic understanding of the benefits to scientific research associated with the use of AI. Here we develop a measurement framework to estimate the direct use of AI and associated benefits in science. We find that the use and benefits of AI appear widespread throughout the sciences, growing especially rapidly since 2015. However, there is a substantial gap between AI education and its application in research, highlighting a misalignment between AI expertise supply and demand. Our analysis also reveals demographic disparities, with disciplines with higher proportions of women or Black scientists reaping fewer benefits from AI, potentially exacerbating existing inequalities in science. These findings have implications for the equity and sustainability of the research enterprise, especially as the integration of AI with science continues to deepen. Gao and Wang develop a measurement framework that demonstrates the widespread use and benefits of AI in science. Nonetheless, there is a substantial gap between AI education and application across disciplines.
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来源期刊
Nature Human Behaviour
Nature Human Behaviour Psychology-Social Psychology
CiteScore
36.80
自引率
1.00%
发文量
227
期刊介绍: Nature Human Behaviour is a journal that focuses on publishing research of outstanding significance into any aspect of human behavior.The research can cover various areas such as psychological, biological, and social bases of human behavior.It also includes the study of origins, development, and disorders related to human behavior.The primary aim of the journal is to increase the visibility of research in the field and enhance its societal reach and impact.
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