成年期快速干预效果和作用机制。

IF 3 2区 医学 Q2 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
George McCabe, Jennifer W Godwin, W Andrew Rothenberg, Natalie Goulter, Jennifer E Lansford
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引用次数: 0

摘要

早期预防性干预可以改善儿童期的结果,但最有效的干预可以在整个生命过程中持续带来益处。快车道干预是一项针对有行为问题风险的儿童的随机对照试验,它降低了儿童的精神病理学、药物使用问题和犯罪率,并提高了儿童 25 岁时的幸福感。然而,对于干预措施的效果是否会持续到成年期,研究并没有深入。此外,人们对干预措施影响成年后结果的机制也知之甚少。为了回答这两个问题,我们同时估算了干预对 31 岁时成人结果的直接影响,以及干预通过干预获得的人际、人内和学术能力对这些结果的间接影响。参与者包括 "快速通道 "干预样本(n = 445;72.4% 为男性)和高风险对照样本(n = 446;66.4% 为男性)。随机分配到 "快车道 "对 31 岁结果的直接影响和总体影响均不显著。然而,我们的分析表明,"快速跟踪 "计划改善了儿童时期的人际交往和人际关系技能,这对儿童 31 岁时取得更好的生活结果起到了催化作用。较高的人际交往技能减少了外化、内化和药物使用问题,减少了犯罪和性伴侣,此外还提高了总体健康水平和全职就业率。人际交往能力的提高会带来更强的力量。在学习技能方面没有明显的间接途径。我们的研究结果有助于人们了解儿童期预防性干预如何能够改善成年后的适应和行为。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Fast Track Intervention Effects and Mechanisms of Action Through Established Adulthood.

Early preventive interventions can improve outcomes in childhood, but the most effective interventions can continue to deliver benefits through the life course. The Fast Track intervention, a randomized controlled trial for children at risk of conduct problems, has lowered psychopathology, substance use problems, and criminality and elevated happiness at age 25. However, research has not studied whether the intervention's effects continue further into established adulthood. In addition, little is known about the mechanisms through which the intervention may affect adult outcomes. We attempted to answer both questions by simultaneously estimating the intervention's direct effect on adult outcomes at age 31 and the intervention's indirect effects on those outcomes via interpersonal, intrapersonal, and academic competencies gained through the intervention. Participants included the Fast Track intervention (n = 445; 72.4% male) and high-risk control samples (n = 446; 66.4% male). Direct and total effects of random assignment to Fast Track on age 31 outcomes were not significant. However, our analyses showed that Fast Track's improvements to interpersonal and intrapersonal skills in childhood served as catalysts for better life outcomes at age 31. Higher interpersonal skills led to fewer externalizing, internalizing, and substance use problems, reduced criminality and sexual partners, in addition to increased general health and full-time employment. Improved intrapersonal skills led to greater strength. There were no significant indirect pathways via academic skills. Our findings inform understanding of how a childhood preventive intervention can improve adjustment and behaviors into established adulthood.

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来源期刊
Prevention Science
Prevention Science PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-
CiteScore
6.50
自引率
11.40%
发文量
128
期刊介绍: Prevention Science is the official publication of the Society for Prevention Research. The Journal serves as an interdisciplinary forum designed to disseminate new developments in the theory, research and practice of prevention. Prevention sciences encompassing etiology, epidemiology and intervention are represented through peer-reviewed original research articles on a variety of health and social problems, including but not limited to substance abuse, mental health, HIV/AIDS, violence, accidents, teenage pregnancy, suicide, delinquency, STD''s, obesity, diet/nutrition, exercise, and chronic illness. The journal also publishes literature reviews, theoretical articles, meta-analyses, systematic reviews, brief reports, replication studies, and papers concerning new developments in methodology.
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