巴拿马不同登革热流行地区的埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊对杀虫剂的抗药性状况和机制。

IF 3.6 Q1 TROPICAL MEDICINE
Lorenzo Cáceres Carrera, Luis Piedra, Rolando Torres-Cosme, Anakena M Castillo, Antonio Bruno, José Luis Ramírez, Dan Martínez, María Magdalena Rodríguez, Juan A Bisset
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:登革热是包括巴拿马在内的全球严重公共卫生问题。在过去几年中,登革热病例的数量有所增加。这可能是由于蚊子种群对杀虫剂产生了抗药性。本研究的目的是描述埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊野生种群的抗药性状况、酶机制和 Kdr 突变:使用经杀虫剂处理的滤纸进行世界卫生组织标准生物测定,以确定埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊种群对拟除虫菊酯类杀虫剂、有机磷类杀虫剂、氨基甲酸酯类丙硫磷和有机氯类滴滴涕的抗药性。通过生化试验检测代谢抗性机制,并通过实时 PCR 检测 Kdr 突变 Val1016IIe 和 F1534C 的频率:结果:埃及伊蚊 El Coco 株系对溴氰菊酯(死亡率 78.5%)和高效氯氟氰菊酯(81%)、Aguadulce 株系对溴氰菊酯(79.3%)、David 株系对溴氰菊酯(74.8%)和高效氯氟氰菊酯(87.5%)、Puerto Armuelles 株系对氯菊酯(83%)均表现出抗性。埃及伊蚊 El Empalme 对甲基吡啶磷(死亡率为 62.3%)、甲基毒死蜱(55.5%)和丙溴磷(85.3%)表现出抗药性。所有白纹伊蚊菌株都对PYs可能产生抗药性,5个菌株对滴滴涕产生抗药性。只有白纹伊蚊 Canto del Llano 对甲基吡啶磷(死亡率为 70%)和马拉硫磷(死亡率为 62%)产生了抗药性。不同地点的酯酶活性各不相同,与埃及姬蚊种群中的β-EST相比,α-EST的表达最为频繁。在白纹伊蚊中,表达的酶是β-EST和MFOs。通过方差分析,α- 和 β-EST、MFOs 和 GST 的酶活性水平存在显著差异,p 为 结论:抗药性、酶机制和 Val1016IIe 突变的多样性和普遍性的存在可能与为控制伊蚊种群而大量使用不同杀虫剂有关,也可能与滥用杀虫剂有关。这些结果凸显了制定抗药性管理计划的必要性。此外,还应探索不使用杀虫剂的其他蚊虫控制方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Insecticide resistance status and mechanisms in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from different dengue endemic regions of Panama.

Background: Dengue is a serious public health problem worldwide, including Panama. During the last years, the number of dengue cases has increased. This may be due to the presence of mosquito populations resistant to insecticides. The aim of this study was to characterize the resistance status, its enzymatic mechanisms and Kdr mutations in wild populations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus.

Methods: Standard WHO bioassays were performed using insecticide-treated filter papers to determine resistance in populations Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus to pyrethroids insecticides, organophosphates, to the carbamate propoxur and to the organochlorine DDT. Biochemical assays were conducted to detect metabolic resistance mechanisms and real-time PCR was performed to determine the frequencies of the Kdr mutations Val1016IIe and F1534C.

Results: The strains Ae. aegypti El Coco showed confirmed resistance to deltamethrin (78.5% mortality) and lambda-cyhalothrin (81%), Aguadulce to deltamethrin (79.3%), David to deltamethrin (74.8%) and lambda-cyhalothrin (87.5%) and Puerto Armuelles to permethrin (83%). Aedes aegypti El Empalme showed confirmed resistance to pirimiphos-methyl (62.3% mortality), chlorpyrifos-methyl (55.5%) and propoxur (85.3%). All strains of Ae. albopictus showed possible resistance to PYs and five strains to DDT. Only Ae. albopictus Canto del Llano showed confirmed resistance to pirimiphos-methyl (70% mortality) and malathion (62%). Esterase activity was variable across sites with the most frequent expression of α-EST compared to β-EST in Ae. aegypti populations. In Ae. Albopictus, the expressed enzymes were β-EST and MFOs. Through ANOVA, significant differences were established in the levels of enzymatic activity of α- and β-EST, MFOs and GST, with p < 0.001 in the Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. The Kdr Val1016IIe mutation was detected in Ae. aegypti Aguadulce, El Coco and David. The odds ratio for the Val1016Ile mutation ranged from 0.8 to 20.8 in resistant mosquitoes, indicating the association between pyrethroid phenotypic resistance and the kdr mutation.

Conclusion: The presence of a varied and generalized resistance, enzymatic mechanisms and the Val1016IIe mutation may be associated with the intensive use and possibly misuse of the different insecticides applied to control Aedes populations. These results highlight the need to develop a program for resistance management. Also, alternative approaches to mosquito control that do not involve insecticides should be explored.

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来源期刊
Tropical Medicine and Health
Tropical Medicine and Health TROPICAL MEDICINE-
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
2.20%
发文量
90
审稿时长
11 weeks
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