种族主义与儿童和青少年的健康和福祉--最新系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 4.9 2区医学 Q1 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

Social Science & Medicine Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI:10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117324

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：种族主义对儿童和青少年健康造成危害的证据正在迅速增加，但对身体健康和生物标志物结果的影响的关注却刚刚开始。我们对近期发表的文献进行了系统回顾，研究了种族主义与儿童和青少年健康之间的关系，并对种族主义与身体健康和生物标志物之间的具体关系进行了荟萃分析：我们使用四个数据库进行了系统的文献检索：方法：我们使用 Medline、PsycINFO、PubMed 和 ERIC 四个数据库进行了系统的文献检索。我们使用了四项纳入标准来确定符合条件的研究：（1）暴露于种族主义的经历；（2）结果是健康和幸福；（3）使用定量方法来估计种族主义与健康结果之间的关联；（4）针对 0-24 岁的参与者报告种族主义与健康和幸福之间关联的效应大小。相关系数用于报告每个结果指标的综合效应大小：在筛选过程中，共纳入了 463 项符合条件的研究，其中 42 项研究侧重于身体健康或生物标志物结果。随机效应荟萃分析发现，种族主义与C反应蛋白、白细胞介素6、体重指数（BMI）、肥胖、收缩压、唾液皮质醇、哮喘和躯体症状之间存在极小到中等程度的正相关。种族主义与肿瘤坏死因子-α、通过唾液、尿液和头发收集的皮质醇、BMI-z 评分和舒张压之间存在微弱的正相关，但估计值不精确，置信区间较宽：种族主义与儿童和青少年时期多种生理系统和生物过程相关的负面身体健康和生物标志物结果有关。这对儿童和青少年时期的健康和福祉以及未来的慢性病风险都有影响。消除种族主义，为所有儿童和青少年创造一个健康、公平的未来，迫切需要进行集体和结构性变革。

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Racism and health and wellbeing among children and youth–An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Evidence of racism's health harms among children and youth is rapidly increasing, though attention to impacts on physical health and biomarker outcomes is more emergent. We performed a systematic review of recent publications to examine the association between racism and health among children and youth, with a meta-analysis of the specific relationships between racism and physical health and biomarkers.

Methods

We conducted a systematic literature search using four databases: Medline, PsycINFO, PubMed, and ERIC. Four inclusion criteria were used to identify eligible studies: (1) exposure was experiences of racism, (2) outcome was health and wellbeing, (3) quantitative methods were used to estimate the association between racism and health outcomes, and (4) the effect size of associations between racism and health and wellbeing was reported for participants aged 0–24 years. Correlation coefficients were used to report the pooled effect size for each outcome indicator.

Results

There were 463 eligible studies included in the screening process, with 42 studies focusing on physical health or biomarker outcomes. Random-effects meta-analysis found minimal to moderate positive associations between racism and C-reactive protein, Interleukin 6, body mass index (BMI), obesity, systolic blood pressure, salivary cortisol, asthma, and somatic symptoms. There were marginal positive associations between racism and Tumour Necrosis Factor-α, cortisol collected via saliva, urine and hair, BMI-z score, and diastolic blood pressure, with imprecise estimates and wide confidence intervals.

Conclusions

Racism is associated with negative physical health and biomarker outcomes that relate to multiple physiological systems and biological processes in childhood and adolescence. This has implications for health and wellbeing during childhood and adolescence and future chronic disease risk. Collective and structural changes to eliminate racism and create a healthy and equitable future for all children and youth are urgently required.

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来源期刊

Social Science & Medicine PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH-

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

5.60%

发文量

762

审稿时长

38 days

期刊介绍： Social Science & Medicine provides an international and interdisciplinary forum for the dissemination of social science research on health. We publish original research articles (both empirical and theoretical), reviews, position papers and commentaries on health issues, to inform current research, policy and practice in all areas of common interest to social scientists, health practitioners, and policy makers. The journal publishes material relevant to any aspect of health from a wide range of social science disciplines (anthropology, economics, epidemiology, geography, policy, psychology, and sociology), and material relevant to the social sciences from any of the professions concerned with physical and mental health, health care, clinical practice, and health policy and organization. We encourage material which is of general interest to an international readership.