压力荷尔蒙会影响选择吗?对 HPA 轴和/或 SAM 系统进行药物干预的系统回顾。

Luis Felipe Sarmiento, Jorge Alexander Ríos-Flórez, Fabio Alexis Rincón Uribe, Rafael Rodrigues Lima, Tobias Kalenscher, Amauri Gouveia, Felix Jan Nitsch
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引用次数: 0

摘要

下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(HPA 轴)和交感-肾上腺-髓质系统(SAM 系统)是与应激反应相关的两个神经内分泌系统,经常被认为可调节不同领域的决策。本系统性综述总结了有关药物调节 HPA 轴和 SAM 系统对决策影响的科学证据。我们找到了 6375 篇参考文献,其中 17 项研究符合我们的纳入标准。我们对结果数据缺失、测量和报告结果选择方面的偏倚风险进行了量化。纳入的研究使用了氢化可的松、氟氢可的松(HPA 轴兴奋剂)、育亨宾、雷贝西汀(SAM 系统兴奋剂)和/或普萘洛尔(SAM 系统抑制剂)。综合这些证据,我们发现刺激SAM系统对风险规避、损失规避或时际选择没有影响,而抑制SAM系统则暂时降低了对损失的敏感性。刺激 HPA 轴对损失规避或奖励预期没有影响,但对风险决策的影响可能与时间有关。最后,对这两个系统的联合刺激显示出不一致的结果,这可以用剂量差异(损失厌恶)和性别差异(风险厌恶)来解释。未来的研究应该解决药理作用对决策的时间、剂量和性别依赖性问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Do stress hormones influence choice? A systematic review of pharmacological interventions on the HPA axis and/or SAM system.

The hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA axis) and the sympathetic-adrenal-medullary system (SAM system), two neuroendocrine systems associated with the stress response, have often been implicated to modulate decision-making in various domains. This systematic review summarizes the scientific evidence on the effects of pharmacological HPA axis and SAM system modulation on decision-making. We found 6375 references, of which 17 studies fulfilled our inclusion criteria. We quantified the risk of bias in our results with respect to missing outcome data, measurements, and selection of the reported results. The included studies administered hydrocortisone, fludrocortisone (HPA axis stimulants), yohimbine, reboxetine (SAM system stimulants), and/or propranolol (SAM system inhibitor). Integrating the evidence, we found that SAM system stimulation had no impact on risk aversion, loss aversion or intertemporal choice, while SAM system inhibition showed a tentative reduction in sensitivity to losses. HPA axis stimulation had no effect on loss aversion or reward anticipation but likely a time-dependent effect on decision under risk. Lastly, combined stimulation of both systems exhibited inconsistent results that could be explained by dose differences (loss aversion) and sex differences (risk aversion). Future research should address time-, dose-, and sex-dependencies of pharmacological effects on decision-making.

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