Electrochemical Assessment of Tailored Mn2O3 Cuboidal Hierarchical particles prepared using Urea and Piperazine

This study synthesizes cuboidal-shaped hierarchical Mn₂O₃ (MNO) particles using a simple hydrothermal technique with Good's buffer piperazine and examines their electrochemical performance. The research explores how varying piperazine concentrations (piperazine concentration x in MNO-x) affect the structure and electrochemical properties of the MNO particles. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirms the crystalline nature of MNO while scanning electron microscopy reveals that piperazine concentration influences the particles’ shape, size, and morphology. The MNO synthesized with 6 mmole piperazine (MNO-6) has the highest surface area of 8.67 m²/g. Electrochemical tests in 1 M and 6 M KOH electrolytes show that MNO-6 achieves the highest specific capacitance, with 440 F/g in 1 M and 952 F/g in 6 M KOH at a 1 mV/s scan rate. At a 1 A/g current density, MNO-6 exhibits a specific capacitance of ∼545.8 F/g in 1 M KOH and 809.0 F/g in 6 M KOH, with corresponding energy densities of 27.3 Wh/kg and 40.4 Wh/kg, and power densities of 315.7 W/kg and 365 W/kg, respectively. The superior electrochemical performance is attributed to the high surface area and porous structure of MNO synthesized with piperazine, highlighting its potential for advanced energy storage applications.