群落变化更慢但更深:内在动力调节人为因素对物种时间更替的影响。

IF 4.4 2区 环境科学与生态学 Q1 ECOLOGY
Ecology Pub Date : 2024-10-02 DOI:10.1002/ecy.4430
J. Christopher D. Terry, Axel G. Rossberg
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引用次数: 0

摘要

了解生物多样性动态背后的机制对于评估和预测人类活动对生态群落的影响至关重要。然而,外部环境驱动因素如何与内在生态过程协同作用,从而影响当地的时间更替,目前在很大程度上尚未得到探索。在此,我们确定了人类影响如何影响鸟类群落更替的多个指标,以建立组成变化背后的生态机制。我们利用美国繁殖鸟类调查数据,计算了27个地区栖息地类型的2692个横断面的三种衡量物种时间更替的横断面水平速率:(1)"短期"(索伦森相似性的初始下降率);(2)"长期"(渐近索伦森相似性);(3)"吞吐量"(从物种-时间关系指数得出的总体物种累积率)。然后,我们采用分层拟合线性模型来估算人为影响对这些更替指标的影响,并使用人类改造指数替代物,同时考虑观测到的物种丰富度、物种库规模和年度环境变异性。我们发现,在不同的生境类型中,人为压力增加所造成的影响大体一致。人类活动指数在长时间尺度上与更大的物种更替有关,但在短期内则略有减缓。物种 "吞吐量"(积累率)并未受到明显影响。将人类活动对物种更替不同方面的影响结合起来进行研究,可以获得更深入的生态洞察力。观察到的人类对短期更替的影响与现有的预期相反,表明人类正在破坏这些系统的背景更替,而不仅仅是推动快速的定向更替。在物种积累没有同时增加的情况下,长期更替的增加意味着人类的影响导致了物种出现频率的变化,而不仅仅是 "新 "物种的增加。这些结果突出了内在动力的作用,并提醒人们不要简单地将物种更替的增加解释为环境变化的反映。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Slower but deeper community change: Intrinsic dynamics regulate anthropogenic impacts on species temporal turnover

Slower but deeper community change: Intrinsic dynamics regulate anthropogenic impacts on species temporal turnover

Understanding the mechanisms behind biodiversity dynamics is central to assessing and forecasting anthropogenic impacts on ecological communities. However, the manner in which external environmental drivers act in concert with intrinsic ecological processes to influence local temporal turnover is currently largely unexplored. Here, we determine how human impacts affect multiple metrics of bird community turnover to establish the ecological mechanisms behind compositional change. We used US Breeding Bird Survey data to calculate transect-level rates of three measures of temporal species turnover: (1) “short-term” (initial rate of decline of Sørensen similarity), (2) “long-term” (asymptotic Sørensen similarity), and (3) “throughput” (overall species accumulation rate from species–time relationship exponents) over 2692 transects across 27 regional habitat types. We then hierarchically fit linear models to estimate the effect of anthropogenic impact on these turnover metrics, using the Human Modification Index proxy, while accounting for observed species richness, the size of the species pool, and annual environmental variability. We found broadly consistent impacts of increased anthropogenic pressures across diverse habitat types. The Human Modification Index was associated with greater turnover at long timescales, but marginally slower short-term turnover. The species “throughput” (accumulation rate) was not notably influenced. Examining anthropogenic impacts on different aspects of species turnover in combination allows greater ecological insight. Observed human impacts on short-term turnover were the opposite of existing expectations and suggest humans are disrupting the background turnover of these systems, rather than simply driving rapid directed turnover. The increased long-term turnover without concurrent increases in species accumulation implies human impacts lead to shifts in species occurrence frequency rather than simply greater arrival of “new” species. These results highlight the role of intrinsic dynamics and caution against simple interpretations of increased species turnover as reflections of environmental change.

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来源期刊
Ecology
Ecology 环境科学-生态学
CiteScore
8.30
自引率
2.10%
发文量
332
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Ecology publishes articles that report on the basic elements of ecological research. Emphasis is placed on concise, clear articles documenting important ecological phenomena. The journal publishes a broad array of research that includes a rapidly expanding envelope of subject matter, techniques, approaches, and concepts: paleoecology through present-day phenomena; evolutionary, population, physiological, community, and ecosystem ecology, as well as biogeochemistry; inclusive of descriptive, comparative, experimental, mathematical, statistical, and interdisciplinary approaches.
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