评估以经济和运输为导向的健康绩效。

IF 2.7 3区 经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS
Zahid Hussain, Chunhui Huo, Ashfaq Ahmad, Wasim Abbas Shaheen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:健康可以延长人的寿命,是一项基本人权。因此,人类健康受到社会学、环境、经济和地理等方面偏见的影响。经济和交通系统对评估经济体的健康表现提出了严峻的挑战:本研究旨在利用经济和交通相关指标评估经济合作与发展组织(OECD)经济体的卫生绩效,并研究卫生支出和治理在提高效率方面的作用:本研究测量了 2000-2022 年期间经合组织 35 个经济体以经济和交通为导向的卫生效率。在第一阶段,本研究采用基于松弛的测量方法和数据包络分析-窗口分析方法,进行单独(经济和交通)和联合评估,以衡量卫生效率。在第二阶段,本研究采用托比特回归法研究政府一般卫生和医药支出、医疗基础设施和治理等影响因素对卫生效率的影响:实证结果显示,在研究期间,卫生支出每变化 1 个单位,以经济为导向的卫生效率就会提高 71%,以交通为导向的卫生效率就会提高 58%。计量经济学分析表明,以经济和交通为导向的卫生效率系数均为显著正值。值得注意的是,医疗基础设施每变化 1 个单位,以经济和交通为导向的卫生效率就会提高 50.8%;药品支出每增加 1%,卫生、经济和交通效率得分就会分别提高 16.3%、33% 和 58.6%:结论:研究结果表明,一些经济体在以健康为导向的产出(即生活质量、死亡率和发病率)方面效率较高,大多数经济体的经济表现优异。以运输为导向的卫生效率评估结果显示,由于全国范围的封锁,这些经济体在研究期的最后一年未能取得良好业绩。尽管如此,它们在研究期的前半部分还是表现出了效率。以经济和交通为导向的卫生效率联合评估表明,经济和交通投入资源会同时对国内生产总值和预期寿命产生不利影响,而医疗基础设施、医药支出和医学毕业生人数则是提高卫生效率的建设性刺激因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An assessment of economy- and transport-oriented health performance.

Background: Good health can prolong one's lifespan and is a fundamental human right. Thus, human health is being influenced by prejudiced from sociological, environmental, economic, and geographic aspects. The economy and transportation system pose a serious challenge to the assessment of the health performance of economies.

Objective: This study aims to assess the health performance of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) economies by using economic and transport-related indicators and examining the role of health expenditure and governance in improving efficiency.

Methods: This study measures the economy- and transport-oriented health efficiency of 35 OECD economies for the period of 2000-2022. In the first stage, this study employs a slacks-based measure and the data envelopment analysis-window analysis approach to conduct individual (economy and transportation) and joint assessments to measure health efficiency. In the second stage, this study uses the tobit regression method to investigate the effects of influencing factors, namely, government general health and pharmaceutical expenditures, the medical infrastructure, and governance, on health efficiency.

Results: Empirical results reveal that a 1-unit change in the health expenditure during the research period improves economy-oriented health efficiency by 71% and transport-oriented health efficiency by 58%. The econometric analysis demonstrates that all the coefficients of economy- and transport-oriented health efficiency are significant and positive. Notably, a 1-unit change in the medical infrastructure increases economy- and transport-oriented health efficiency by 50.8%, and a 1% increase in pharmaceutical expenditure increases the health, economy, and transport efficiency scores by 16.3%, 33%, and 58.6%, respectively.

Conclusions: The findings suggest that some of the economies were efficient with regard to their health-oriented outputs, that is, quality of life and mortality and morbidity rates, and most of the economies demonstrated excellent economic performance. The findings of the transport-oriented health efficiency assessment reveal that the economies were unable to perform well in the last year of the research period owing to the nationwide lockdowns. Nonetheless, they demonstrated efficiency in the first half of the research period. The joint assessment of economy- and transport-oriented health efficiency indicates that economic and transport input resources can adversely affect the GDP and life expectancy simultaneously, and the medical infrastructure, pharmaceutical expenditure, and number of medical graduates serve as constructive stimuli for health efficiency improvement.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
4.20%
发文量
59
审稿时长
13 weeks
期刊介绍: Health Economics Review is an international high-quality journal covering all fields of Health Economics. A broad range of theoretical contributions, empirical studies and analyses of health policy with a health economic focus will be considered for publication. Its scope includes macro- and microeconomics of health care financing, health insurance and reimbursement as well as health economic evaluation, health services research and health policy analysis. Further research topics are the individual and institutional aspects of health care management and the growing importance of health care in developing countries.
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