欧米茄-3 脂肪酸与自身免疫性疾病之间的关系：来自总综述和孟德尔随机分析的证据。

IF 9.2 1区医学 Q1 IMMUNOLOGY

Autoimmunity reviews Pub Date : 2024-09-30 DOI:10.1016/j.autrev.2024.103651

Kimsor Hong , Marady Hun , Feifeng Wu , Jueyi Mao , Yang Wang , Junquan Zhu , Xin Zhou , Haotian Xie , Jidong Tian , Chuan Wen

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：自身免疫性疾病是一组以异常免疫反应为特征的疾病，这些异常免疫反应错误地针对和攻击健康细胞、组织和器官，导致炎症和组织损伤。欧米伽-3 脂肪酸具有抗炎活性，可降低异常免疫活动。然而，欧米伽-3 脂肪酸在各种自身免疫性疾病中的作用仍不清楚。本综述和孟德尔随机（MR）研究旨在总结有关欧米伽-3 脂肪酸和自身免疫性疾病的现有最高证据：方法：我们通过搜索电子数据库来确定系统综述和荟萃分析，从而进行总括性综述。选择标准包括有无荟萃分析的系统综述，这些综述以ω-3脂肪酸为暴露量，以自身免疫性疾病为结果变量。两位作者使用 AMSTAR-2 工具对综述的重叠性和质量进行了独立评估。我们还进行了MR研究，利用UKB-TOPMed和FinnGen队列的荟萃分析数据，调查脂肪酸对各种自身免疫性疾病风险的潜在因果效应：总综述确定了 21 项研究（8 项系统综述和 13 项元分析），涉及 9 种自身免疫性疾病和 MR 研究中的 30 种疾病。AMSTAR 2 将 6 项研究的证据质量归类为极低，6 项为低，8 项为中等，1 项为高质量证据。综述和 MR 研究的一致结果表明，ω-3 脂肪酸对类风湿性关节炎（RA）和系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）有益。此外，在我们的综述中，ω-3 脂肪酸可以改善疾病活动和炎症生物标志物；但是，MR 研究没有提供一致的证据表明ω-3 脂肪酸对牛皮癣、多发性硬化症（MS）、1 型糖尿病（T1D）、IgA 肾病（IgAN）、幼年特发性关节炎（JIA）、克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC）有因果效应：目前的研究提供了确凿的证据，强调了欧米伽-3 脂肪酸对系统性红斑狼疮和风湿性关节炎的有利影响。结论：当前的研究提供了确凿的证据，强调了欧米伽-3 脂肪酸对系统性红斑狼疮和风湿性关节炎的有利影响，这种影响是通过降低疾病风险、减少疾病活动和减轻炎症生物标志物来实现的。为了对另一种自身免疫性疾病进行分层，有必要进行严格的评估，以超越现有的研究结果，加深对这一领域的了解。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

Association between Omega-3 fatty acids and autoimmune disease: Evidence from the umbrella review and Mendelian randomization analysis

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Association between Omega-3 fatty acids and autoimmune disease: Evidence from the umbrella review and Mendelian randomization analysis

Background

Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders characterized by abnormal immune responses that mistakenly target and attack healthy cells, tissues, and organs, resulting in inflammation and tissue damage. Omega-3 fatty acids possess anti-inflammatory activities and may decrease abnormal immune activity. However, the role of omega-3 fatty acids in various autoimmune diseases is still unclear. This umbrella review and Mendelian randomization (MR) study aims to summarize the highest available evidence on omega-3 fatty acids and autoimmune disease.

Methods

We conducted an umbrella review by searching electronic databases to identify systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The selection criteria included systematic reviews with or without meta-analysis, which evaluated omega-3 fatty acids as the exposure and autoimmune disease as the outcome variable. Two authors independently assessed the overlapping and quality of the reviews using the AMSTAR-2 tool. We also performed MR studies to investigate the potential causal effect of fatty acids on the risk of various autoimmune diseases, utilizing data from the meta-analysis of the UKB-TOPMed and FinnGen cohorts.

Result

The umbrella review identified 21 studies (8 systematic reviews and 13 meta-analyses) on 9 autoimmune diseases and 30 diseases in the MR study. AMSTAR 2 categorized the quality of evidence in six studies as critically low, six studies as low, eight studies as moderate, and one as high-quality evidence. The consistent result between the review and the MR study demonstrated the benefit of omega-3 fatty acids on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Additionally, in our summary review, omega-3 fatty acids can improve disease activity and inflammation biomarkers; however, MR studies provided no consistent evidence for the causal effects of omega-3 fatty acids on psoriasis, multiple sclerosis (MS), type 1 diabetes (T1D), IgA nephropathy (IgAN), juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Conclusion

The current study presented solid evidence highlighting the advantageous impact of omega-3 fatty acids on SLE and RA. This was achieved through the reduction of disease risk, the decrease of disease activity, and the mitigation of inflammatory biomarkers. To stratify another autoimmune illness, it is necessary to carry out rigorous evaluations to surpass the existing findings and enhance understanding in this domain.

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来源期刊

Autoimmunity reviews 医学-免疫学

CiteScore

24.70

自引率

4.40%

发文量

164

审稿时长

21 days

期刊介绍： Autoimmunity Reviews is a publication that features up-to-date, structured reviews on various topics in the field of autoimmunity. These reviews are written by renowned experts and include demonstrative illustrations and tables. Each article will have a clear "take-home" message for readers. The selection of articles is primarily done by the Editors-in-Chief, based on recommendations from the international Editorial Board. The topics covered in the articles span all areas of autoimmunology, aiming to bridge the gap between basic and clinical sciences. In terms of content, the contributions in basic sciences delve into the pathophysiology and mechanisms of autoimmune disorders, as well as genomics and proteomics. On the other hand, clinical contributions focus on diseases related to autoimmunity, novel therapies, and clinical associations. Autoimmunity Reviews is internationally recognized, and its articles are indexed and abstracted in prestigious databases such as PubMed/Medline, Science Citation Index Expanded, Biosciences Information Services, and Chemical Abstracts.