南非 Tshwane 地区助产士对暴露后预防指南的遵守情况。

Mosehle S Matlala, Thanyani G Lumadi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景: 人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)仍然是一个重大的公共卫生问题。助产士作为前线医护人员(HCWs),在履行日常职责时仍然很容易受到职业感染。据估计,90%的职业暴露发生的原因是缺乏有关预防和意外暴露时应采取的措施的意识和培训: 本研究旨在评估助产士对暴露后预防(PEP)指南的了解、态度和遵守情况: 方法:采用定性嵌套定量的并行混合研究方法。采用随机简单抽样技术从 71 名助产士中收集定量数据。同时,在定性方法中采用了有目的的非概率抽样技术,抽取了两名职业健康与安全(OHS)从业人员和 13 名助产士。数据通过问卷调查和半结构化访谈收集。定量数据采用 SPSS 24 版进行分析,并以表格和数字的形式呈现,定性数据则采用主题分析法: 结果:助产士对艾滋病毒的 PEP 有很好的了解。然而,研究显示,意外暴露于血液和体液(BBFs)的情况报告不足,现有的 PEP 服务利用不足: 结论:产科是高风险的临床环境。贡献:贡献: 研究结果将为政策制定机构和医院管理层提供信息,帮助他们了解特定医院中与 PEP 指南相关的知识和实施差距。作为研究结果的衍生品,还制定了提高助产从业人员遵守 PEP 的策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Midwives' compliance with post-exposure prophylaxis guidelines in Tshwane District, South Africa.

Background:  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a major public health concern. Midwifery practitioners as frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) remain susceptible to occupational exposure to infections while performing their routine duties. It is estimated that 90% of occupational exposures occur because of a lack of awareness and training regarding prevention and measures to be taken in case of accidental exposure.

Objectives:  The study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes and compliance of midwifery practitioners regarding post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) guidelines.

Method:  Concurrent mixed-methods research approach with qualitative nested in quantitative design was followed. A random simple sampling technique was used to collect quantitative data from 71 midwifery practitioners. Simultaneously, a purposive non-probability sampling technique was used for the qualitative approach with two occupational health and safety (OHS) practitioners and 13 midwifery practitioners. Data were collected through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data were analysed with SPSS version 24 and presented in tables and figures, and thematic analysis was employed for the qualitative strand.

Results:  The midwifery practitioners have good knowledge about PEP for HIV. However, the study revealed the underreporting of accidental exposures to blood and body fluids (BBFs) and the underutilisation of available PEP services.

Conclusion:  Maternity units are high-risk clinical environments. Underreporting of incidents of exposure remains prevalent among midwifery practitioners.Contribution: The findings will inform policy development structures and hospital management regarding knowledge and implementation gaps related to PEP guidelines in the specific hospitals. Strategies to improve compliance with PEP among midwifery practitioners were developed as a derivative from study findings.

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