时速 400 公里高速列车在不同运行环境下的车内噪声特性、声源识别及其量化贡献

IF 3.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q1 ACOUSTICS

Applied Acoustics Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI:10.1016/j.apacoust.2024.110321

Xiaodan Lan , Jian Han , Jie Zhang , Xinbiao Xiao , Laixian Peng , Yuxuan Zhao

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引用次数: 0

摘要

噪音水平是高速列车的核心技术指标之一，尤其是在时速 400 公里的情况下。噪声源识别及其贡献量化是车内噪声控制的关键。本文以时速 400 公里的某高速列车为研究对象。首先，根据车内噪声频谱和基于球谐函数的声源识别实验结果，确定列车内部的主要声源位置和能量分布。其次，通过多项式拟合，确定列车内外各区域振动和噪声与速度的相关性。随后，通过区域积分计算能量贡献率，确定内部各区域的噪声贡献率，进而确定各区域噪声贡献率随速度的变化规律，给出高速列车以 400 km/h 运行时，列车内部各区域的定量贡献率。最后，对比分析了开放线路和隧道运行环境下列车内部的振动和噪声、车体表面的空气动力噪声以及转向架区域的噪声，以及它们随速度的变化规律。确定了两种运行环境下列车内部的主要噪声源，分析了噪声源在列车内部不同区域的贡献率，进一步研究了列车内部噪声和振动的传播特性。结果表明，高速列车在开放线路运行环境下以 400 km/h 运行时，车内噪声的显著频率范围为 40 Hz ∼ 2000 Hz，主要的车内噪声源位于车顶和地板。在隧道运行环境中，室内噪声的重要频率范围为 160 Hz ∼ 1000 Hz，室内噪声的主要声源主要位于左侧窗户和地板。对于侧壁区域，在开放线路运行环境下，车内噪声主要来自内侧壁的振动，而在隧道运行环境下，车内噪声主要来自车身表面的空气动力激励。

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Interior noise characteristics, source identification and its quantification contribution of 400 km/h high-speed train in different operating environments

Noise level is one of the core technical indicators of high-speed trains, especially for a speed of 400 km/h. Noise source identification and its contribution quantification are key for interior noise control. This article takes a certain high-speed train running up to 400 km/h as the research object. Firstly, based on the interior noise spectrum and experimental results of source identification based on spherical harmonic function, the main source locations and energy distribution inside the train are determined. Secondly, through polynomial fitting, the correlation between vibration and noise in various areas inside and outside the train and speed is determined. Subsequently, by calculating the energy contribution through area integration, the noise contribution of each interior region is determined, and then the variation law of the noise contribution of each region with the speed is determined, and the quantitative contributions of various areas inside the train are given when the high-speed train is running at 400 km/h. Finally, the vibration and noise inside the train, aerodynamic noise on the train body surface, and noise in the bogie area in open lines and tunnel operating environments are compared and analyzed, as well as their variation laws with speed. The main noise sources inside the train under two types of operating environments are identified, and the contribution rates of noise sources in different areas inside the train are analyzed, further studying the interior noise and vibration transmission characteristics. The results show that, when the high-speed train is running at 400 km/h in open line operating environment, the significant frequency range of interior noise is 40 Hz ∼ 2000 Hz, and dominant interior noise sources are located in the roof and floor. In the tunnel operating environment, the significant frequency range of interior noise is 160 Hz ∼ 1000 Hz, and the primary sources of interior noise are predominantly located in the left window and floor. For the sidewall area, the interior noise comes mainly from the vibration of the inner sidewall when in open line operating environment, while in tunnel operating environment, the interior noise comes mainly from the aerodynamic excitation of the body surface.

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来源期刊

Applied Acoustics 物理-声学

CiteScore

7.40

自引率

11.80%

发文量

618

审稿时长

7.5 months

期刊介绍： Since its launch in 1968, Applied Acoustics has been publishing high quality research papers providing state-of-the-art coverage of research findings for engineers and scientists involved in applications of acoustics in the widest sense. Applied Acoustics looks not only at recent developments in the understanding of acoustics but also at ways of exploiting that understanding. The Journal aims to encourage the exchange of practical experience through publication and in so doing creates a fund of technological information that can be used for solving related problems. The presentation of information in graphical or tabular form is especially encouraged. If a report of a mathematical development is a necessary part of a paper it is important to ensure that it is there only as an integral part of a practical solution to a problem and is supported by data. Applied Acoustics encourages the exchange of practical experience in the following ways: • Complete Papers • Short Technical Notes • Review Articles; and thereby provides a wealth of technological information that can be used to solve related problems. Manuscripts that address all fields of applications of acoustics ranging from medicine and NDT to the environment and buildings are welcome.